新初三暑假語法講義 第三講代詞

2022-10-16 19:15:20 字數 4603 閱讀 8250

第三講代詞

清單一、人稱代詞

1. 人稱代詞的人稱、數和格,如下表所示

2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語,賓格作賓語。如

i like table tennis. (作主語)

do you know him?(作賓語)

3.人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時用賓格。如:

---who is knocking at the door?

---it』s me.

4. 人稱代詞在than 之後與其他人或事物進行比較時,用主格和賓格都可以。如:

he is older than me.

he is older than i am.

5. 人稱代詞的順序;

幾個人稱代詞並列做主語時,它們的順序是

單數形式(二三一) you,he and i

複數形式(一二三) we ,you and they

但是當受到批評或時承認錯誤時正好相反,i 在最前, you 在最後。

口訣:單數二三一,複數一二三,受到批評我在前,承認錯誤你在後。

例如:you, he and i are all the winners.

i, li lei and you are wrong. we should do more for the project.

6. it 作為人稱代詞時,可以表示天氣、距離、時間、環境等。例如:

it is about 10 kilometres from here. 離這兒大約有10 公里。

it 還可用作形式主語或形式賓語,來代替由不定式,動詞的-ing,形式或主語從句構成的真正的主語或賓語, 以避免句子頭重腳輕。例如:

it is not easy to learn english well.

it is good for you taking a walk after supper.

i found it difficult to sleep.

(1)作為人稱代詞,it 可以用來指東西、動物、嬰兒和未確定身份的人。

where』s my book? h**e you seen it? 我的書在**?你看見了沒有?

the dog is in the garden, isn』t it? 狗在花園裡,是吧?

the baby cried because it was hungry. 嬰兒哭了,因為他/她餓了.

(someone is ringing.)who』s it? it』s me.(有人在按門鈴。)誰呀?是我

(2)it 可以指上下文內容。

the olympic game will be held in beijing in 2008. it makes the chinese proud.

2008 年將在北京舉行奧運會。這使得中國人非常自豪

(3)it 表示時間、天氣、距離等。

what time is it now?it』s half past nine.現在幾點了?九點半。

it is cold.天氣冷。

it『s about ten kilometers from the park to the museum.公園到博物館大約是十公里。

(4)it 用作形式主語或形式賓語。

it『s very important for us to learn english well.(實際主語是to learn english well)

對我們來說,學好英語很重要。

i found it hard to fly a kite. (實際主語是to fly a kite)我發現放風箏很難。

句型it』s adj for/of sb to do sth

it』s time to do sth

it』s time for

it seems that

it one』s turn to do sth

it』s 強調部分 that/who/whom

清單二、物主代詞

1.表示所有關係的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性

物主代詞,如下表所示。

2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當於形容詞,可在句中作定語。例如:

our teacher is coming to see us.

this is her pencil-box.

3. 名詞性物主代詞常用來避免和前面已提及的名詞重複,其作用相當於名詞並=「形容詞性物主代詞+名詞」,在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。

our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主語)

--- is this english book yours? (作表語)

--- no. mine is in my bag.

i've already finished my homework. h**e you finished yours? (作賓語)

4. 名詞性物主代詞可以用在of 後做定語,相當於「of+名詞所有格」表示帶有部分概念或有一定的感**彩。

eg: he is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友。

a friend of n/doing

a friend of my friends(mine)

真題回放

(2009·山東淄博)

his *** is the same asbut it is more expensive.

a. himb. minec. myd. her

(2009·河北)

is there any difference between your idea and ______ ?

a. heb. hisc. shed. her

(2009·山東威海)

---is this the greens』 house?

---no, ______ is over there.

a. hisb. their c. their d. them

(2009·四川成都)

---is this kitetom?

---yes, it』s mine. it』s made by ______ .

a. yours, myself b. mine, myself c. ours, himself

(2009·江蘇南京)

---are the keys over there ______ ?

---no, go and ask anna. they may belong to her.

a. you b. your c. yours d. yourself

(2009·河南)

—what a nice mp5! whose is it?

—it』smy father bought it for me.

a. meb. him c. his d. mine

(2009·湖南婁底)

—lucy』s skirt is black. what about

—mine is white.

a. youb. yourc. yours

(2009·山東德州)

—bob! is this your dictionary?

—no, it isn』t. ask sally. she is looking for_______.

a. hisb. hersc. mined. yours

(2009·湖北恩施)

– is miss white ______ english teacher, maria?

– no, she teaches ______ geography.

a. your; my b. you; mine c. you; us d. your; us

(2009·新疆阜康)

—who is the best friend of ______ at school?

—i think helen is. we often help each other.

a. mineb. hisc. yoursd. hers

(2009·貴州安順)

---hi, kitty. i h**e passed _____ exams!

---oh, congratulations! i hope my sister has also passed ______ .

a. my, her b. mine, her c. my, hers d. mine, hers

d**id talked with a friend of ______ on the internet for a long time yesterday.

a. he b. his c. him d. himself

清單三、反身代詞

英語中用來表示"我自己","你自己","他自己","我們自己","你們自己"等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞,也有人稱之為自身代名詞,其形式如表所示:

反身代詞可以在句中作賓語,表語,同位語。

1. 作賓語,表示動作的承受者就是動作的發出者,主語和賓語指同乙個人或一些人。

he called himself a writer.

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