the subjunctive mood
1， 含if 的虛擬條件句
she would h**e come, if she had not been so busy.
if he had been here, he might h**e been able to help you.
if i were you, i would consider their proposal.
how nice it would be, if you could stay a bit longer.
if i were to do it, i would do it in a different way.
*if 條件句中含were, had, should時,有時可省略if，將were, had, should移置主語前.
had he come a little earlier, i might h**e met him.
were he to le**e tomorrow, i would go with him.
were there no gr**ity, there would be no air around the earth.
2, suppose/supposing 相當於 what if ，可以引出虛擬條件句
suppose i accepted this offer, what would you say?
supposing the train were late, what should we do?
3, 含蓄虛擬標誌詞：but that, but for, without, in the absence of, otherwise,
i would h**e written the ***** before, but that i h**e been ill.
but that he saw it, he would not h**e believed it.
but that he helps, i should fail.
but for the rain, we would h**e had a pleasant journey.
without his aid, i could not h**e done it.
in the absence of water, plants could not grow well.
he was held up in the traffic; otherwise he would not h**e been late.
4, 隱含在句子意義中的虛擬語氣
born in better times, he would h**e done credit to the profession of letters.
a more careful student would not h**e made such a mistake.
in different circumstances, i could h**e said yes.
left to itself, the country would h**e achieved its unity.
5, 表示建議，命令，請求等主觀意願的動詞，後面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣(should do)
suggest, propose, advise, recommend, move, vote（提議）
order, command, instruct
demand, request, require, ask, beg, urge（強烈要求）,insist, maintain,
desire, prefer, decide, determine, etc.
i suggest that he should set off straight away.
6, 三種主語從句(should do)
it is desired/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ decided/ arranged/ recommended, that sb. should do sth.
it is a pity/ shame/ must that sb should do sth
it is strange/ appropriate/ desirable/ fitting/ impossible/ obligatory/ proper/ necessary/ incredible/ urgent/ possible/ essential/ advisable明智的/ natural/ important/ preferable/ ridiculous/ vital/ insistent緊急的/ imperative緊急必要的/crucial/ critical/ best/ better that sb should do sth
7，名詞後接表語從句或者同位語從句(should do)
suggestion, proposal, advice, recommendation, motion,
order, command, instruction
demand, request, requirement, insistence,
desire, preference, decision, resolution,
idea, plan, word, necessity,
he g**e order that the test should be finished before ten.
my suggestion is that we should start out at once.
8, wish, imagine後面加上一些不可能實現的事情時，用虛擬語氣
just imagine everyone were to give up smoking.
i wish it were spring all the year round.
9, 在lest, for fear that, in case狀語從句中用虛擬語氣（should do ）
she obeyed her husband in everything lest he should be angry.
10, it is high / about time that somebody did something
it is time that we left.
11, if only 感嘆句中用虛擬語氣「但願/要是就好了」
if only i were not so nervous.
12, 有時as if, as though從句中用虛擬語氣
he acted as if he were an expert.
13, 有時though 讓步狀語從句中用虛擬語氣
though the whole world were against me, i would do what i consider as right.
14, s1 would rather that s2 （主句與從句的主語不一致時，從句中用虛擬語氣）
用一般過去時表示與現在事實相反的虛擬
用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的虛擬
i would rather that you did nothing about it for the time being.
he would rather that you hadn』t been so rude to her in the past.
15, 表示祝願、詛咒、禁止時用虛擬語氣（用動詞原形）
long live the people』s republic of china.
god bless you.
god damn you.
he**en forbid.
so be it.
home is home, be it ever so homely.
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