教學過程
一、 複習預習
二、 知識講解
英語有兩種語氣——陳述語氣和虛擬語氣。陳述語氣表示事實上發生的事情或客觀存在的情況。虛擬語氣表示假定、想象、願望等非事實觀念。
ⅰ.虛擬語氣在條件句中主要有以下幾種情況。
(1).表達與現在的事實相反的假設或想象：
條件從句主句
if + 主語 + 過去式， 主語 + should/would + 動詞原形
if + 主語 + were， 主語 + would/should + 動詞原形
(其中，should用於第一人稱，would可用於各個人稱。)
if i had enough money, i should/would buy a camera.
if i were rich, i would help the poor.
(2).表達與過去事實相反的假設或想象：
條件從句主句
if + 主語 + had + 過去分詞， 主語 + should/would h**e + 過去分詞
if i had had enough money, i would h**e bought a car.
（= i didn』t h**e enough money, so i didn』t buy it.）
if it had not rained yesterday, we should h**e gone fishing.
(3)表達與將來事實相反的假設或想象，有三種形式：
①條件從句主句
if +主語+ should + 動詞原形， 主語 + should/would + 動詞原形
(表示可能性極小 「萬一」)
if it should rain tomorrow, i would not go.
注意：if從句的動詞形式不分人稱與數，一律用「should+動詞原形」
②條件從句主句
if +主語 + were to + 動詞原形， 主語 + should/would +動詞原形
if i were to go abroad, i would go to america. 倘若我要出國，我就到美國。
③條件從句主句
if +主語 +動詞過去式， 主語 + should/would +動詞原形
if he went to the party, he would be disappointed.
(4) 在條件狀語從句中，常會出現主句所表示的行為所發生的時間與從句表示的行為的時間不一致，叫做錯綜時間虛擬條件句，即條件從句與主句所指時間不一致。如從句指過去，而主句卻指現在或將來，此時應根據具體的語境，結合上面提到的三種基本型別對時態作出相應的調整。
if you had gone to bed early last night, you would not be so sleepy now.
if i were you, i wouldn』t h**e gone to the party last night.
(5) 假設情況不用if從句來表示，而是用without, but for, otherwise, or, but等表示一種含蓄條件。
表示與現在或將來相反，用「would (should, could, might)+動詞原形」；表示與過去相反用「would (should, could, might)+h**e+過去分詞」
i knew my uncle did h**e no time. otherwise he would h**e kept me company to go hiking.
三、 例題精析
例1：we ______ john's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. (2011·江西卷28)
a. will put b. will h**e put c. would put d. would h**e put
例2: i ______ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011·陝西卷22)
a. couldn't h**e goneb. didn't go
c. wouldn't god. hadn't gone
(5)條件從句if的省略：
當從句中有were，過去分詞had, 或should時，if經常省略。此時，主語後面的主動詞（were， had，should等）被移至句首。
were i a bird, i would fly to you.
= if i were a bird, i would fly to you,
should it rain tomorrow, i would not go there.
= if it should rain tomorrow, i would not go there.
例:______ in your position, i would go.
a. if ib. were i c. if was i d. if i am
ⅱ用在從句中的虛擬語氣
⒈賓語從句中的應用
（1） wish後的賓語從句：
表示與現在事實相反的願望，從句謂語用一般過去時或過去進行時；
表示與過去相反的願望，從句謂語用過去完成時；
表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實現的主觀願望，常用「would (could)+動詞原形」。
i wish i knew the answer to the question..
i wished i hadn』t spent so much money.
i wish it would stop raining.
i wish you would come soon.
例：— where are the children?
— i wish they ______ always late. (2011·北京卷28)
a. weren'tb. hadn't been
c. wouldn't bed. wouldn't h**e been
(2) 在具有願望、請求、建議、命令等主觀意願的動詞(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。值得注意的是，如果賓語從句的動詞是否定的，否定詞not的位置應在動詞之前，而不是動詞之後。
i demand that he (should) answer me immediately.
the head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.
【注意】
(1)suggest 意為「表明，暗示」時，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣.
his pale face suggested that he was in poor health.
(2)insist 意為「堅持認為，堅持說」時，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。
he insisted that he did not kill the boy.
2. 主語從句中的應用
it is+形容詞/ 名詞/ 過去分詞+ that引導的主語從句，主語從句中謂語動詞常用 「should + 動詞原形」。
常用形容詞有：necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等
常用名詞有：duty, pity, regret, no wonder, shame等。
常用過去分詞有：demanded, suggested, required, requested, ordered, decided等
it is suggested that pupils (should) wear school uniforms.
it is important that everyone (should) inform themselves of these rules.
it is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer
3.表語從句中的應用
上述動詞相應的名詞形式作主語+連繫動詞構成表語從句，要用虛擬語氣，即「should + 動詞原形」.常用名詞形式有：advice, decision, demand, proposal, request, order, suggestion等。
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