英語動詞有兩種語態，即主動語態和被動語態。
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者；
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。
被動語態由「助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞」構成。(be +
助動詞be有人稱、數和時態的變化，變化和系動詞be一樣。(be , am, is, are, was, were, being, been )
a. 把下列句子轉換為被動語態
1 一般現在時的被動語態
do(v) /do-es (動詞原形或三單式) - am/is/are +
例 1：a).many people speak often eat potatoes.
c).he does his homework every day.
練習一1. we speak chinese.
2. he writes these books in english.
3. they make cars in shanghai.
4. the farmers grow tea in anhui.
5. americans speak english in the usa.
6. we use knives for cutting.
7. people make history.
8. they grow wheat in north china.
9. people use stamps for sending letters.
10. children often sing this song.
2 一般過去時的被動語態
v-ed was / were +
例 2：a).jim bought some books last week.
b).we built a new building in our school.
練習二1. edison invented electric light.
2. we found out the answers at last.
3. tom wrote a letter yesterday.
4. the police found the lost children at last.
5. the little boy drew a horse on the wall.
6. she found his lost keys this morning.
7. he heard a piece of good news.
8. i mended my bike last night.
9. they discovered tongbenma in wuwei.
10．the policemen caught two thieves last night.
3 一般將來時的被動語態
am / is /are going to + v. am / is / are + going to + be +
will + vwill + be +
例 3：a)we are going to play football this afternoon..
b) they will buy some school things.
c) he is going to visit his uncle tomorrow.
練習三1. they will hold a sport meeting next week.
2. their school will build a teaching building .
3. we are going to h**e a picnic this sunday.
4. she is going to buy some tomatoes.
4 過去將來時的被動語態
was / were going to + v. was / were going to + be +
would + vwould + be +
例 4：a) she would buy a new house.
b) they would plant thousands of trees.
練習四1． they would put this book into english.
2． edison』s inventions would change the world.
3． she would visit her uncle.
5 現在進行時的被動語態
am/is/are + v-ing am/ is/are + being +
例 5:a)we are reading a story book.
b)he is cleaning the floor.
練習五 am listening to a radio now.
are building a few buildings.
is reading a story book in the reading room..
are cleaning the classroom.
6 過去進行時的被動語態
was / were + v-ing was /were + being +
例 6: a) they were playing games then.
b) he was writing a letter at that time.
練習六1. she was doing her homework that time.
were building a new railway then.
wang was mended the machines at this time yesterday.
were cleaning the floor when the teacher came in.
7 現在完成時的被動語態
h**e /has + h**e /has + been +
例 7:a) i h**e seen this film before.
b) he has finished the work.
c) they h**en』t read the novel.
練習七1. the workers h**e put up a big building.
h**e finished our homework
feng has planted millions of trees.
green has bought a new car.
8 過去完成時的被動語態 had +
had + been +
例 8:a) they had done the work.
b) she had heard the news by the end of last week.
練習八1. he had never seen such a thing.
2. they had already finished it by the time i got there.
9 含有情態動詞的被動語態情態動詞 + v.
情態動詞 + be +
(情態動詞 ：can , may, must, should, h**e to, has to ,had to …
例 9：a). she must look after her mother.
b) we can play computer games .
練習九1. we should study english.
2. students must clean the classroom.
3. they can do it.
4. you may do the exercises tomorrow.
5. you h**e to do these exercises.
6. she has to throw it away.
⑩含有感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態
在主動語態中，感官動詞和使役動詞後接動詞不定式作賓語補足語要省略to，但是，變為被動語態時，要把省略掉的to加上。
感官動詞：look at, watch, see, notice, hear, listen to, feel, help 使役動詞：h**e, let, make
含有雙賓語的被動語態
含有直接賓語和間接賓語的主動結構變為被動結構時，可以將其中任意乙個賓語變為主語.
常接雙賓語的動詞有：give, show, buy, tell, send, teach
例 10：a)i hear him sing the song in next room.
b)the boss made the workers do hard work.
c)the teacher g**e the students some advice.
d)he sent me a letter yesterday.
e) my mother bought me a bike.
練習十1. i saw him walk on the playground.
2. the teacher made the students make a model plane.
3. they helped us (to)pick apples last week.
4. she told us a funny story .
5. jim showed me his photos yesterday.
6. a foreign teacher will teach us english.
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