初中英語被動語態複習.txt丶︶￣喜歡的歌，靜靜的聽，喜歡的人，遠遠的看我笑了當初你不挺傲的嗎現在您這是又玩哪齣呢？初中英語被動語態複習
一、被動語態概述
語態是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關係。英語的語態共有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態是動詞的一種特殊形式，一般說來，只有需要動作物件的及物動詞才有被動語態。漢語往往用"被"、"受"、"給"等詞來表示被動意義。
如：he opened the door.他開啟了這扇門。（主動語態）
the door was opened.這扇門被開啟了。（被動語態）
二、被動語態的構成
被動語態由"助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞"構成。被動語態的時態變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞部分不變。疑問式和否定式的變化也如此。
1、被動語態的時態較常見的八種，現以動詞clean為例列表說明：
2、被動語態的句式變化：
以一般現在時和動詞invite為例，列表說明被動語態的句式變化：
3、含有情態動詞的被動語態
情態動詞的被動語態結構為：情態動詞+be+過去分詞；其時態及句型的變化僅由情態動詞完成，"be+過去分詞"部分不變。如：
tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石頭製造。
tables could be made of stone at that time. 那時桌子可由石頭製造。（一般過去時）
can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石頭製造嗎？（疑問句）
1、主動語態變為被動語態的步驟：
（1）將主動句的賓語變為主語：
注意：如果主動句的賓語是代詞，需將其由賓格變為主格。如：
tom killed him. → he was killed by tom.
（2）將動詞改為"be+過去分詞"。
注意：they held a meeting yesterday. → a meeting was held by them yesterday.
他們昨天開會了。
（3）將主動語態的主語改為be…放在謂語動詞後。
注意：如果原主語是代詞，則應由主格變為賓格。
he sang a song. → a song was sung by him.
2、主動語態變為被動語態的注意事項：
含有雙賓語，即直接賓語（常指事物）和間接賓語（常指人）的句子，每個賓語都可變為被動語態的主語，即其被動語態有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語作主語。
jack told us the truth.傑克告訴了我們真相。
we were told the truth by jack.
the truth was told (to) us by jack.
四、下列動詞（片語）沒有被動式：
1.、 系動詞無被動語態：以主動形式表示被動之意
常見的系動詞有：
① be動詞
② ……起來（7個）：look/seem/appear, feel(感覺，摸起來), sound, smell, taste
she seems/appears happy. it smells terrible.
③ (逐漸)變得/變成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go
his wish has come true.
people often went hungry in the old days.
the tree is growing tall.
④ 保持：keep, stay
we must keep quiet in the reading room.
2、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take
3、不及物動詞sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主動形式表示被動意義。
○1、an accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天發生了一起事故。
an accident happened yesterday.
○2、the flower smells sweet.這花聞起來很香。
○3、the watch looks good.這錶看起來很好。
○4、this book sells well.這本書暢銷。
○5、the kind of cloth washes well. 這種布很容易洗。
○6、the article reads well. 這篇文章讀起來很好。
○7、the supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八點鐘營業。
○8、the door won』t close/shut. 這門關不上。
○9、the door locks easily. 這門容易鎖。
○10、this material wears well (won』t wear). 這種材料耐久（不耐久）
六、各種時態的被動語態舉例（以動詞do為例）
1．一般現在時（am/ is/ are +done）
english is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的許多人都說英語。
class meeting is held every thursday. 每週四都舉行班會。
the classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 學生們每天都打掃教室。
2．一般過去時(was/ were +done)
the cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那個男孩打碎了。
he was s**ed at last. 他最終獲救了。
my bike was stolen. 我的自行車被偷了。
3．一般將來時與過去將來時(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
a speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有乙個演講。
a new road will be built next year. 明年要修一條新馬路。
i thought thousands of people would be helped. 我認為將有數千人得到幫助。
4．現在進行時與過去進行時(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
the machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天這時，機器正在被修理。
the problem is being discussed now. 問題正在被討論。
a bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一輛公共汽車。
5．現在完成時(h**e/ has been + done)
two hundred trees h**e been planted by now. 到現在為止，已經種了二百棵樹了。
the book has been read many times by me. 這本書已經被我讀了許多遍了。
6．過去完成時(had been+done)
they said they had been invited to the party. 他們說已經被邀請參加晚會了。
she found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她發現房子已經被暴風雨摧毀。
he had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已經被疾病折磨很多年了。
被動語態專項練習
ⅰ單項選擇
1. good books ____ again and again.
a. should be readed b. should be read
c. must read d. ought to read
2. the children ____ by the nurse.
a. were looked b. looked after c. were looked after d. looked
3. he ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
a. g**e, didn't listen b. was given, wasn't listened
c. give, wasn't listened d. was given, didn't listen
4. when____ the accident _____ ?
a. was, happen b. did, happen
c. is, happen d. was, happened
5. the question ____ by us soon.
a. is going to discuss b. will discuss
c. is going to be discussed d. has been discussed
6. the lab ____ about five years ago.
a. was builded b. was built c. builds d. has been built
7. a lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
初中被動語態
一 語態概述 英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。英語中有兩種語態 主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。巧記為 主動 主動 主去動。如 many people speak english.謂語 speak的動作是由主語many people來執行的。被動語態表示主語是動作的承受...
英語專題之被動語態
汪博教育高中英語專題之被動語態 一 常規變化 1 主動 the children g e the foreign guests a warm welcome.被動 the foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.孩子們熱烈地歡...
初中英語時態 語態總複習
the mainly revision of the tenses voices in junior english 初中英語八種時態歸納複習 時態是英語學習中乙個至關重要的內容，廣大初中學生在實際運用時，往往對時態總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納複習一下這幾種時態。一 一般現在時 概念 經常 反 生的...