第03章代詞

2023-01-18 19:57:07 字數 4710 閱讀 2853

第三章代詞

一、人稱代詞

1. 考生必須記住下表:

2.語法功能:

(1) 主格:作主語

(2) 賓格:作賓語

(3) 形容詞性物主代詞:作定語(位於名詞前面)

(4) 名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞:①作主語②作賓語③作表語

3.注意:

(1) a friend of mine/ours/yours/theirs/hers/his(該結構中只能用名詞性物主代詞)

(2) teach me/us/her/him sth. (teach後跟雙賓語,代詞必須用賓格)

(3) 「動詞+副詞」結構中,動詞短語與人稱代詞連用時,人稱代詞必須放在動詞與副詞中間。

二、反身代詞

1. myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves

2.片語:enjoy oneself = h**e a good time玩得開心;help oneself to sth.

隨便吃(用)……; lose oneself in sth./doing sth.陶醉在……;dress oneself給自己穿衣服;hurt oneself傷著自己;make oneself at home像在自己家裡一樣;come back to oneself甦醒;be yourself保持自己的個性;

三、不定代詞

1. a few, few; a little, little; a bit

(1) a few和few後跟可數名詞;a little和little後跟不可數名詞。

(2) 有a的a few和a little表示肯定;沒有a的few和little表示否定。

(3) quite a few = many; quite a little = much;

(4) a little + 名詞= a bit of + 名詞;not a little = very much; not a bit = not at all

2. other, others, the other, the others, another的用法

other adj.其他的

others pron.其他的東西

the other 兩個中剩下的乙個

3. every other day/week/month/year/meter每隔一天/周/月/年/公尺

4. something, anything, everything, nothing的用法

(1) something用於肯定,anything用於否定、疑問句

(2) 在下列兩種情況下,疑問句需用something:①表示請求,期望對方做肯定回答②表示建議

(3) anything作「任何事,任何東西」講時,可用於肯定句。

(4) 形容詞修飾不定代詞時,必須把形容詞放在不定代詞之後。

(5) 用於否定句時,everything表示部分否定;anything表示全部否定。

(6) 不定代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。

5. all, none, both, neither, any, either, each, several, a couple of的用法

(1)兩者:肯定用both; 否定用neither; 其中任意乙個用either,

(2)三者或三者以上肯定用all; 否定用none; 其中任意乙個用 any

(3) each可用於兩者或兩者以上;

(4) several = a few幾個(至少三個); a couple of 幾個(至少兩個)

6. some和any:some用於肯定,any用於否定或疑問語氣中。

四、指示代詞

1. 單數this – that複數these – those

2. one指代前面可數名詞的單數,表示同類中的任何乙個;it指代前面名詞,表示其本身;that指代前面的不可數名詞,表示比較。those指代前面的複數可數名詞,表示比較,相當於the ones。

五、it的用法

1.指天氣、距離、時間

2.嬰兒、性別不明的人

3.特殊句型中:

(1) it is + 形容詞/(one』s)名詞 + (for/of + sb./sth. +) to do sth.

例如: ①it is nice of you to do it. 你這做這事真是太好了。

②it is an honor for me to be here.能來這裡,我很榮幸。

③it』s time for bed.睡覺時間到了。

④it is my turn to clean up.輪到我打掃了。

⑤it is my pleasure to help you.幫助你我很快樂。

⑥it is my duty to take care of you.照顧你是我的責任。

⑦it is fun to be with you. 和你在一起真開心。

⑧it is said/reported that you were with her.據說/報道你和她在一起。

⑨it is well-known that chairman mao was a great leader.眾所周知,***是一位偉大的領袖。

⑩it seems that you didn』t tell the truth.你好像沒有說實話。

⑾it doesn』t matter if/whether he will come.他來不來沒關係。

(2) what fun it is to do sth.

(3) it takes sb. some time to do sth.

(4) it costs sb. some money to do sth.

(5)作形式主語:主語+ find/make/think/regard + it +adj./n. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.

例如:they think it nice of you to do it.他們覺得你這樣做很好。

六、相互代詞

英語中的相互代詞有:each other和one another

七、疑問代詞

疑問代詞有:(1) what (2) what time (3) what color (4) what size (5) which (6) who (7) how many (8) how much (9) how old (10) how long (11) how far (12) how tall (13) whose

八、關係代詞

主要用於定語從句中:(1) who (2) whose (3) whom (4) which (5) that (6) as

九、連線代詞

1.用於引導賓語從句(1) what (2) what time (3) what color (4) what size (5) which (6) who (7) how many (8) how much (9) how old (10) whose

1. (北京,04)this isn』t _____ pencil case. i left mine at home.

a. myb. mec. id. myself

2. (天津,04)do you know the boy sitting between peter and _____ ?

a. sheb. ic. hisd. me

3. (北京,05)my sister is a clerk. _____ works in a bank near here.

a. sheb. hec. id. you

4. (蘇州,05)_____ camera is not so expensive as _____, but it works well, too.

a. my, hisb. mine, himc. my, himd. mine, his

5. (常州,05)i h**e a new computer. my father _____ as a birthday present.

a. g**e them to me b. g**e it to me c.

g**e one to me d. g**e me one

6. (武漢,05)mary』s ruler is much longer than _____.

a. ourb. theirc. mined. her

7. (福州,05)—can we put our sports shoes here?

—oh, yes. put _____ here, please.

a. themb. theirc. itd. they

8. (福建,05)—where is my dictionary?

—oh, sorry. i h**e taken _____ by mistake.

a. yoursb. hisc. hered. mine

9. (湖南,05)this isn』t _____ cd. it』s _____.

a. mine, herb. my, herc. my, hersd. mine, hers

10. (廣東,05)i』m old enough to wash_____ clothes by myself. you can just wash_____.

a. my; yourb. mine; yoursc. my, yoursd. your, my

11. (黑龍江,05)—dear me! what a beautiful computer!

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