主謂一致 1

2022-11-30 16:48:04 字數 4666 閱讀 6952

majority作主語時的主謂一致問題

majority表示「大多數」時,為集合名詞;單獨用作主語時,如果強調整體,謂語動詞用單數形式;如果強調個體,謂語動詞用複數形式。如:

the majority agree [agrees] with me.大多數人同意我的意見。

the majority was [were] in f**our of the proposal.多數人贊成這個建議。

但是若單獨用的 the majority後跟有複數表語,則謂語通常要用複數。如:

the majority are young people.大多數是年輕人。

2.「the majority of+複數名詞」用作主語時,謂語動詞通常用複數,但偶爾也可用單數。如:

the majority of his books are kept upstairs.他的大部分書藏在樓上。

the majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.大多數人意識到了限制人口的重要性。

the majority of students were [was] indifferent to the political meeting.大多數學生對政治集會漠不關心。

3.「the majority of+集合名詞」用作主語時,謂語動詞可用單數(視為整體)或複數(考慮其個體)。如:

the vast majority of the population lives [live] in utter misery.這裡的絕大多數人生活在極度貧困之中。

4.「the majority of+不可數名詞」用作主語時,謂語動詞總是用單數。如:

the majority of the work has been finished.大部分工作已完成。

the majority of the damage is easy to repair.這次的損害大部分容易補救。

注:按傳統語法,the majority of只用於修飾可數名詞複數或具有複數意義的集合名詞,但在現代英語中也可用於修飾不可數名詞。

5.「a majority of+複數名詞」用作主語時,謂語動詞通常用複數。如:

a majority of visitors h**e arrived.大多數參觀者已經到了。

a clear majority of voters were in f**our of the motion.絕大多數選民贊成這一動議。

a majority of people seem to prefer tv to radio.大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機。

generation作主語時的主謂一致問題

generation的意思是「一代(人)」,為集合名詞;用作主語時,如果強調整體,謂語動詞用單數形式;如果強調個體,謂語動詞用複數形式。如:

each generation has its own standards of judgement.每一代都有它自己的判斷標準。

my generation beh**es differently from my father』s and grandfather』s.我這一代人和我父輩及祖輩表現不同。

the older generation h**e a different set of values.老一輩人有一套不同的價值觀。

在許多情況下,謂語用單數或複數均可以。如:

the younger generation smoke [smokes] less than their parents did.年輕一代比他們的父輩抽菸抽得少。

we each等作主語謂語用單數還是複數

we each等作主語時,謂語動詞應用複數,因為當we each作主語時,真正的主語是we,其後的each是修飾we的同位語。如:

we each h**e a map.我們每人都有一張地圖。

we each think the same.我們大家想到一起了。

we each know how the other is getting along.我們每人都知道對方的情況。

類似地,當they each, the children each, the teachers each等用作主語時,謂語動詞也應用複數,而非單數。如:

they each h**e their own share.他們每人都有乙份。

they each were fitted with a barred door.它們每個都裝有帶門閂的門。

the plans each h**e certain advantages and disadvantages.這些計畫各有其優點和缺點。

the rest (of)等作主語,謂語的數取決於什麼

請看下面兩道題:

a. the rest of the boyswatching tv.

b. the rest of the moneystolen.

a. were,wereb. was,werec. were,wasd. was,was

此題應選 c。all,most,some,half,percent,the rest等詞語後接介詞of再接名詞用作主語時,若該名詞為可數名詞的複數形式,則其謂語要用複數形式;若該名詞為不可數名詞或可數名詞的單數形式,則其謂語要用單數形式(

1. a. most of the apples are bad.這些蘋果當中大部分是壞的。

b. most of the apple is bad.這個蘋果壞了一大部分。

c. most of the time was spent on it.這上面花了大部分時間。

2. a. half of the buildings were destroyed in the fire.有一半的樓房在大火中被毀。

b. half of the building was destroyed in the fire.這座大樓在大火中有一半被毀。

c. half of the money was spent on food.有一半的錢用來買食物。

3. a. 30 percent of the workers here are women.這裡的工人有30%是女性。

b. 30 percent of the work has been done.有 30%的工作已完成。

c. 30 percent of the wall has been painted.牆壁有30%已被刷漆。

從句主語時謂語用單數還是複數

當從句用作主語時,主句的謂語動詞通常用單數。如:

that he is still alive is a wonder.他還活著,真是奇蹟。

that we shall be late is certain.我們要晚了,這是確定無疑的。

what she lacks is experience.她缺的是經驗。

what he says is not important.他說的話並不重要。

whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是對的。

when we arrive doesn』t matter.什麼時候到沒有關係。

how it was done was a mystery.這是怎樣做的是乙個謎。

how this happened is not clear to anyone.這件事怎樣發生的,誰也不清楚。

whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否對我們有害還要看一看。

who he is doesn』t concern me.他是誰與我無關。

whoever breaks this law deserves a fine.違反本法者應予以罰款。

若用作主語的是what引導的從句,且其後為系表結構,此時需注意以下兩點:

1.若表語為複數,主句謂語通常用複數。如:

what i want are details.我要的是細節(

what is needed are rational and firm actions.所需要的是合理的堅決的行動。

2.若what從句中的what表複數意義,則主句謂語動詞要用複數。如:

his muscles were wasting away, and what were left were flabby.他的肌肉正在消耗,所剩下的就是鬆弛的皮肉。

採用「就近原則」的兩個典型用法

即謂語動詞的單、複數形式取決於最靠近它的詞語。

1.連詞or, not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等連線的並列主語,謂語動詞的數與靠近它的主語一致。如:

not his parents but he doesn』t want to go.是他的父母親不想去而不是他不想去。

neither you nor i am a stranger here.你和我都不是剛來這裡。

does neither he nor his classmates know the secret?他和他的同學都不知道這個密秘?

2.當there be後有兩個或幾個並列的主語時,be的數由與其靠得最近的那個主語一致。如:

there is an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate.盤子裡有乙個蘋果,兩個梨子和一些桔子。

there are two pears, some oranges and an apple on the plate.盤子裡有兩個梨子,一些桔子和乙個蘋果。

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