用作定語的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句通常置於它所修飾的名詞（或代詞）之後，這種名詞（或代詞）叫做先行詞。引導定語從句的關聯詞為關係代詞和關係副詞。
關係代詞（who, whom, whose, that, which等）在定語從句中可用作主語、賓語等；關係副詞（when, where, why等）在定語從句中只用作狀語。
①考點聚焦：
1、功能：相當於形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語
位置：定語從句置於被修飾詞之後
２、先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞
３、關係詞：引導定語從句的都稱關係詞
關係代詞：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
關係副詞：when, where, why。
② 確定關係詞的步驟
（1）先找從句，看關係詞在從句中所充當的成分。
（2）看先行詞指的是什麼。
③特別注意
在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關係詞宜用that而不用which
（1）先行詞被：，形容詞最高端 ，序數詞，the same, the very , the only, the last 等修飾時
（2）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代詞時。
（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時。
宜用which而不用that的情況
（1）在非限制性定語從句中
（2）在關係詞前有介詞時
whose作關係詞既指人的又指物的，在從句中作定語。如：
do you know whose story is very moving ?
there is a room whose window faces the river.
結構比較
1.人（n.)+ who +從句
比較：一位漂亮的女孩
形容詞做定語 a beautiful girl
從句做定語 a girl who is beautiful (girl是先行詞）
2. 物（n.)+ that + 從句
比較：一本有趣的書
形容詞做定語 an interesting book
從句做定語 a book that is very interesting
成分比較
who\that\which在從句中可擔任: 1.主語 2. 賓語
1. i love singers. singers write their own songs.
i love singers who write their own songs.
who在從句中用作主語。
2. he is the man. i met the man yesterday.
he is the man who (whom) i met yesterday.
who在從句中用作賓語。
3. i like music. i can dance to music.
i like music that i can dance to.
that在從句中用作賓語。
4. i prefer a sandwich. a sandwich is really delicious.
i prefer a sandwich that is really delicious.
that在從句中用作主語。
that, which 和who 在句中做主語時不能省略，做賓語時可以省略。
例：i like music (that) i can dance to.
he is the man (who) i met yesterday.
定語從句中謂語動詞的單複數應與先行詞保持一致.
例：i prefer movies that are scary. (be)
i like a sandwich that is really delicious. (be)
i love singers who are beautiful. (be)
i h**e a friend who plays sports. (play)
whose表示所有格，在從句中用做定語
i know a lady whose husband is a nobel prize winner.
she is a beautiful girl whose hair is brown.
when 在定語從句中作時間狀語。
i will never forget the day when i joined the league.
對比i will never forget the day which we spent together. （which做spent的賓語）
where 在定語從句中作地點狀語。
this is the place where he was born.
對比this is the place which jack visited last year. （which做visit的賓語）
why 在定語從句中作原因狀語。
we don』t know the reason why he came late.
對比we don』t know the reason which jack explained to miss lu. （which做explain的賓語）
1.我永遠也忘不了我們在一起工作的日子。
i will never forget the days. we worked together in the days.
i will never forget the days when we work together.
2.那就是我出生的城市。
that is the city. i was born in that city.
that is the city where i was born. that is the city which i was born in.
3.他告訴了我他為什麼遲到的原因。he told me the reason. he was late because of that.
he told me the reason why he was late.
這是那個男孩從上面摔下來的樹。
this is the tree. the boy fell off from it.
this is the tree that the boy fell off from.
你可以參加你感興趣的任何體育活動。
you can take part in any sports. you are interested in the sports.
you can take part in any sports that you are interested in.
全世界聞名的魯迅寫了許多書。
lu xun wrote a lot of books. his name was well-known to the world.
lu xun whose name was well-known to the world wrote a lot of books.
夾克衫是藍色的司機是李明。
the driver was li ming. his jacket is blue.
the driver whose jacket is blue was li ming.
請告訴我你跟他學畫畫的人。
please tell me the person. you learn from him how to draw pictures.
please tell me the person who (whom) you learn how to draw pictures from.
please tell me the person from whom you learn how to draw pictures.
exercises：
a. 用that, which, who/whom填空
1. the personyou should write to is mr. ball.
2. the teacher fromi learnt most was mrs. zhu.
3. the runneryou are asking about is over there.
4. the girlyou are looking for is in the classroom.
5. the meetingwe shall take part in will be held in a hotel.
6. the factoryi worked in for over two years has been closed.
7. the airportis 30 kilometers away is the only one in the city
8. the personwon the race was a woman from sichuan.
9. i don』t like movies _____ i can』t understand.
10. i like friends _____ play sports.
11. celia doesn』t like people _____ are always late.
12. singers like bands _____ don』t play too loud.
13. it』s difficult to pronounce words ____ are very long.
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