i. 詞法
1.冠詞：a) 不定冠詞a, an-------泛指 a book, an egg
bikes
b) 定冠詞the-------特指/類指 the book
c) 零冠詞 water, cars beijing, li ping
2.代詞： 人稱：主格i
賓格me
物主：形容詞性 my
名詞性 mine
疑問: what, who, which, whom, whose,
關係：who, whom, that, which, whose 引導定語從句
連線：what, which, whatever,引導主、賓、表語從句
不定： all ,both, either,, neither, none/ other, the other, another, others/
nothing, nobody, no one,/one, ones, the one, the ones, little, few, many, much, some, any,
相互： one another, each other
反身：myself
it 指示： this, that, these, those, such
3 形容詞/副詞：close 接近的/closely,仔細地 free免費的/freely自由地., hard硬的，努力地 /hardly幾乎不, late/晚，遲lately,進來 most/非常mostly主要地, wide廣闊的/widely廣泛地high高的/highly高度地, deep深的/deeply深深地
friendly, silly, likely, lovely, lively, elderly, deadly, brotherly
as….as, not as/so…..as, the same as, such…/as
4 名詞：a)專有
b)普通：個體，集體------可數 trees, a child,/ family, team ,people
物質，抽象------不可數 milk, advice, four bowls of rice, a piece of news, a black tea/ interest, music success h**e a good time,
5 介詞：for, in, on besides, except, but, at, from, of, to, by, as, like, with, in front of.
6 數次：a)基數詞 one five
b)序數詞 first, second, third, fourth
c)分數 one third, two and one second, a/one half, a/one quarter, three fifths
d)小數 zero point two eight,
e)百分數 ten percent forty-five percent
7 連詞：a)並列 and, or, but, not only…..but also, either….or, both….and, as well as,
neither…nor, or else, otherwise, yet, however, while, for,, so,
b)從屬 whether, that, if, when, while, before, until, since, where, because, in order that, so that, so…that , than, as if/though, although, even though/if
8. 感嘆詞：oh, ah, well, hey, nonsense, now, ouch, uh-huh, mm
9 動詞：a)系動詞 be, smell, look, feel, seem , appear become, turn out, stay, keep,
b)實義/行為 work, sing, see, catch sight of, get rid of, grow up
c)情態動詞 will, shall, must /h**e to , should, can /could, may/ might , ought to, need, dare, be able to, had better.
d) 助動詞 do , did, is, am, are, will,
10. a) 時態/語態：
1. be動詞：是
2. 行為動詞：a) 及物/不及物動詞 do ,ask, study, borrow…
b)及物動詞 learn, tell, lend…
b) 非謂語：現在分詞表示主動、進行、伴隨 being, doing, keeping, sitting
過去分詞表示被動、完成 been, done, asked, studied.. cut,
不定式表示將來、目的、意外結果、順接
1） to do, to be made, to h**e lived,
2） let/make/h**e ＋ sb. ＋ do,
feel ＋ sb/sth ＋ doing
see/watch/observe/listen to/hear ＋ sb. ＋ do/doing
3) help ＋ sb. ＋ (to) do sth
ii. 主謂一致：i』m a teacher. he was a worker. they are students.
his family is a happy one. the whole family are watching tv.
a sheep is over there. some sheep are over there.
three years will pass.
each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.(each/every/no)
more than one student has read the book.
many a girl has been there.
more members than one are against your plan.
a pair of shoes was on the desk.
this kind of men is dangerous. men of this kind are dangerous.
the glass works was set up in 1980. these glass works are near the station.
all of the water is gone. all of my classmates like music.
the teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.
tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.
now all has changed. all are present.
lots of damage was caused by fire.
three-fifths of the workers here are women.
a number of students h**e gone home.
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