注：a. 比較級前可以有數量和倍數來加以修飾
i am two years younger than he.
this room is four times larger than that one.
b. 比較級前用定冠詞the表示特指
the + 形比+of the two 兩者之中較···的乙個
tom is the taller of the two boys.
c. 比較級的慣用法：
比較級+and+比較級 （ 越來越
more and more +（部分單音節詞或多音節詞的）原級 （越來越……）
the+形比，the+形比 （越……就越……）
our life gets better and better.
our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
the busier he is，the happier he is.
3. 最高端
常用結構：the+adj最高端形容詞最高端前必須要有the
the）+adv最高端副詞最高端前的the可以省略
one of the+adj最高端+名詞複數
he is the tallest of the three.
who jumped highest, a, b or c ?
li lei is one of the best students in our class
注：a. 常用的表示最高端的範圍of all of the three in our class in china 等
b. 最高端前可用序數詞
the long river is the first longest river in china.
c. 有時形容詞最高端前可用a/an 表示「非常」
it』s a most important question
d. 最高端前也可以有副詞修飾詞：much 或very
the very +最高端 = much the+最高端
this is the very cleanest room of all.= this is much the cleanest room of all.
四、級別之間的相互轉換
1．原級與比較級之間的轉換
a．倍數+ as……as 〓倍數-1 + 比較級 + than
this book is three times as thick as that one
= this book is twice thicker than that one
b. not as/so……as 與比較級之間的轉換
mary is not so old as lucy = lucy is less young than mary
= mary is younger than lucy = lucy is older than mary
these books are not so interesting as those ones
= these books are less interesting than those ones
= those books are more interesting than these ones
2. 比較級與最高端之間的轉換
tom is the tallest in his class
= tom is taller than any other student in his class
= tom is taller than the other students(the others) in his class
= tom is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= no one is taller than tom in his class.
= tom is taller than anyone else in his class.
= anyone else is shorter than tom in his class
動詞一、 定義：表示動作或狀態的詞
listen/ speak/ walk 動作
wear/ be/ lie狀態
二、分類：
1. 實義動詞（行為動詞）
有完整的意義，能獨立作謂語。
實義動詞分為及物動詞 → 需接賓語 i like english
不及物動詞 → 不能直接接賓語 they are swimming.
注：a. 不及物動詞接賓語時，需加上相應的介詞
they are swimming at the pool.
i live in china.
b. 有些動詞既可作及物動詞又可作不及物動詞
she is studying english now. （及物動詞）
she is studying now不及物動詞）
c. 接雙賓語的及物動詞
give. pass. lend. write. show. send. hand.
buy. make. teach. bring
give sb（間賓）sth (直賓) = give sth to sb
buy sb（間賓）sth (直賓) = buy sth for sb
2. 連系動詞
詞義不完整，與表語一起構成謂語。常見的連繫動詞又：be.
become. look. get.
keep. stay. sound.
taste. smell. seem.
feel. turn. grow.
remain等
you are students.
the song sounds very nice.
3. 助動詞
本身無意義，只能和主要謂語在一起作位於，起到構成時態、疑問句和否定句等語法的作用。常見的助動詞有：be. do. will. shall. h**e等
4. 情態動詞
沒有人稱和數的變化，與動詞原形一起作謂語。常見的情態動詞有：can.
could. may. might.
must. need. shall.
should. will. would.
等。動詞的語態
一、 定義
語態是謂語動詞的形式，它由主語跟謂語動詞所表示動作的關係來決定。
分為：主動語態（主語是動作的執行者）
被動語態（主語是動作的承受著）
二、被動語態的結構
時態動詞的被動形式例句
一般現在時 is done history is made by the people.（人民創造歷史）
一般過去時 was done the story was told by her mother.
一般將來時 will be done the problem will be discussed tomorrow.
現在進行時 is being done the novel is being written.
過去進行時 was being done at that time the desk was being made.
現在完成時 has been done the house has been built.
過去完成時 had been done they said that their work had been finished.
過去將來時 would be done he said the trees would be planted soon.
三、被動語態的各種句型：
ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句)
ｔhe song isn』t liked by young people （否定句）
is the song liked by young people ? （一般疑問句）
who is the song liked by ?=by whom is the song liked?（特殊疑問句）
四、特殊句型的被動語態：
1.含有使役動詞（make /let /h**e）或感官動詞（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主動語態中這些詞後常跟不帶to的動詞不定式，但是在改成被動語態時，則一定要把省去的to再加上去
例：①mother often makes me do some housework.
→i am often made to do some housework by mother.
②we saw him run into the classroom.
→he was seen to run into the classroom by us.
,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等動詞常常帶有兩個賓語
(雙賓語：直接賓語和間接賓語），改為被動語態時，兩個賓語可以選其中任乙個作主語。如果直接賓語被提前作主語，那麼間接賓語（一般是人）前要加相應的介詞to/for。
例：①ｓhe g**e me a pen.= she g**e a pen to me.
→i was given a pen by her.
→a pen was given to me by her.
②my father bought me a new bike.= my father bought a new bike for me.
→i was bought a new bike by my father.
→a new bike was bought for me by my father.
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