新一輪中考複習備考週期正式開始，中考網為各位初三考生整理了各學科的複習攻略，主要包括中考必考點、中考常考知識點、各科複習方法、考試答題技巧等內容，幫助各位考生梳理知識脈絡，理清做題思路，希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優異成績！下面是《2018中考英語知識點：形容詞和副詞》，僅供參考！
形容詞和副詞
（一）形容詞和副詞的用法
1）形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞的一類詞。
2）在句中主要做定語和表語等成分。做定語時修飾名詞或代詞（一般為不定代詞），修飾名詞時常放於名詞前，修飾不定代詞時常放於不定代詞後，做表語時和系動詞連用，構成乙個係表結構。
例如：can you hear the loud noise?（定語）你聽到大的喧鬧聲了嗎？
the noise is very loud.（表語）喧鬧聲很大。
the quiet girl is my sister.（定語）那個安靜的女孩是我妹妹。
my sister looks very quiet.（表語）我妹妹看起來很安靜。
i h**e nothing new to tell you.（定語）我沒什麼新東西告訴你。
3）常和形容詞連用構成係表結構的連繫動詞有：
look（看起來，看上去），feel（感覺），taste（嘗起來），smell（聞起來），get（變得），turn（變），become（成為，變得），sound（聽起來）等。
例如：the weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring.春天天氣變暖和了，樹變綠了。
the flowers smell sweet.這些花聞起來很香。
you look fine.你看起來氣色很好。
4）副詞是用以修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句的詞。
例如：the men and the women walk quickly.這些男人和女人走得很快。
the children walk slowly. 孩子們走得很慢。
they often laugh loudly. 他們經常大聲地笑。
unluckily he hurt his leg. 不幸的是，他傷了腿。
（二）形容詞和副詞比較級最高端的變化
1）規則變化
構成方式原級比較級最高端
單音節詞和少數雙音節詞一般在詞尾加-er/-est small
fast –faster- fastest
以字母e結尾的形容詞，加-r/-st br**e
large- larger- largest br**e-br**er- br**est
以重讀閉音節結尾的詞，如果末尾只有乙個子音字母，應先雙寫該子音字母，然後加-er/-est big
hot sad
*以「子音字母+y」結尾的雙音節詞，先改「y」為「i」,再加-er/-est easy
busy-busier-busiest funny easy
多音節詞和部分雙音節詞在形容詞原級前面加more或most exciting
delicious- more delicious - most delicious
famous loudly
*這種雙音節詞很多都是以「子音字母+y」結尾的雙音節形容詞。
2）不規則變化
原級最高端比較級
good/well best better many/much most more
bad/badly/ill worst worse little least less
（三）比較級用法：
1）表示兩者（人或事物）的比較，形容詞或副詞比較級之後用than引出比較物件。
china is bigger than the usa.
this book is more exciting than that one.
注意：比較的物件要表達明確。
my ruler is longer than yours.
2）自身不能與自身進行比較。
3）在形容詞或副詞比較級前，有時可以用much, a little, far, a lot ,even等來修飾，如much better；a little taller.
（四）adj, adv最高端的用法：
注意：1. 它是在一定範圍內的最……
（≥3）he is the tallest of those three.
2. 所舉的物件一定在範圍內。
shanghai is the biggest city in china.
用最高端的幾種情況（句式）
1. 當有in/ of，而且of 後不是兩者時。
2. 在one of +adj的最高端+ns中。
one of the most famous sights.
3. which is the best, the red one ,the white one or the green one?
which / whose/ who, 引導的選擇疑問句，有三者以上的選項時
4. the huang river is the second longest river in china.黃河是中國第二長河。
當形容詞和副詞前有序數詞修飾時，多用最高端
（五）原級、比較級、最高端的句型轉換。
1. 「not as/so+原級+as」結構可轉化為比較級than的結構
如：d**id didn』t run as fast as li lei——li lei ran faster than d**id.
——d**id run more slowly than li lei.
this book isn』t as interesting as that one.——that book is more interesting than this one.
——this book is less interesting than that one.
2. 兩個原級的句子合併成含有比較級的句子。
li ping is ten years old.
wei hua is seven years old.
1）li ping is older than wei hua.
2）wei hua is younger than li ping.
3）li ping is three years older than wei hua.
4）wei hua is three years younger than li ping.
3. 兩個原級的句子合併成含有as… as的原級比較的句子。
1）i』m ten years old. lucy is ten years old too.
——i』m the same age as lucy.
2）i read two books lucy read two books too.
——i read as many books as lucy.
4. 比較等級的句子中含有any, anyone, anything, other等時，可與最高端的句子進行轉換。如：
1）shanghai is bigger than any other city in china.
the other cities in china.
the others in china.
——shanghai is the biggest city in china.
2）zhang hai jumps higher than any other student in the class.
the others in his class.
the other students in the class.
anyone else in the class.
——zhang hai jumps(the)highest in the class.
5. 含有比較級的句子可與含有反義詞的句子進行轉換。
如：this ruler is longer than that one.
——that ruler is shorter than this one.
tr**eling by air is more expensive than tr**eling by train.
——tr**eling by train is less expensive than tr**eling by air.
6. 「like…better」可與「prefer」進行轉換。
1）which coat do you like better? ——which coat do you prefer?
2）i like red better than black. ——i prefer red to black.
3）i like singing better than dancing. ——i prefer singing to dancing.
7. 「like…best」與「f**orite」進行轉換。
1）which coat do you like best? ——which is your f**orite coat ?
2）i like bananas best. ——my f**orite fruit is bananas.
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