專題二施代詞

2023-01-08 21:12:05 字數 4071 閱讀 2576

中考專題複習專題二: 代詞

a.一、人稱代詞

1.人稱代詞的主格、賓格,**如下:

二、物主代詞

1. 物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞,**如下:

2. 形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語修飾名詞,一般不單獨使用。

his parents are both office workers.

3. 名詞性物主代詞常用來避免前面已提及的名詞,相當於「形容詞性物主代詞+名詞」。

this is my dictionary. where is yours?

my idea is quite different from hers.

4. 名詞性物主代詞可用在of後面作定語,相當於「of+名詞所有格」,表示帶有部分概念或有一定的感**彩。

he is a friend of mine. (我的乙個朋友)

三、反身代詞

1. 反身代詞的單複數形式**如下:

oneself: (myself; himself; yourself herself; itself)

複數; ourselves; themselves.

2. 反身代詞的用法

the little boy is too young to look after himself. (作賓語)

i hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party. (作賓語)

the children made model planes themselves. (作同位語)

please help yourself to some fish. (作賓語)

3. 反身代詞的常用片語

learn by oneself 自學

enjoy oneself 過得愉快,玩得高興

by oneself 親自

四、指示代詞

1. 指示代詞**如下:

2. 指示代詞的用法

(1) this / these

① 近指。

this is my pen. these are my books.

② 指下文要提到的事。

please remember this: no pains, no gains.

(2) that / those

① 遠指。

that』s her bike.

②. 指前面剛剛提到過的事、

he was ill. that was why he didn』t go to school.

3. 打**時用this介紹自己,that詢問對方。

this is mike speaking. 我是麥克。

who』s that? 你是誰?

五、疑問代詞的用法。

b.一、普通不定代詞及復合不定代詞

(一)普通不定代詞

1. 初中階段常用普通不定代詞**如下:

2. 普通不定代詞的用法

(1)some與any

some 與any均表示「一些」,既可修飾可數名詞,也可修飾不可數名詞:some一般用於肯定句中,any多用於疑問句、否定句和條件句。但在疑問句中,若要表示說話人希望得到肯定的回答或表示請求、建議時應用some 。

there aren』t any students in the classroom.

— would you like some coffee?

— yes, please.

(2) many與 much

many修飾可數名詞複數,還可以與表示程度的副詞 so, too, as, how 連用。much 修飾不可數名詞,也可以與表示程度so, too, as, how連用。

there are too many mistakes in your exercises.

he never eats so much breakfast.

he has got too much work to do.

(3) either與 neither

either指兩個之中其中乙個,neither指兩個人或物中乙個也不。常構成固定搭配 either / neither of +名(代)詞的複數+謂語動詞(第三人稱單數);當either…or… 和neither…nor…,連線兩個主語時,謂語動詞應與離它最近的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。

there are trees on either side of the street.

neither of the books is good.

either you or i am going to america.

(4) both 與all

both表示「兩者都」,常與and連用;all指「三者或三者以上都」

both she and i are students.

both plans are good.

all of us should go there.

they all agree to stay here.

(5) each 與every

each和 every都表示「每乙個」之意,each強調個體,當它作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。 every強調整體情況,修飾名詞時謂語動詞也要用單數形式。另外,each可用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或事物,而every只可指三個或三個以上的人或事物。

there are trees on each side of the road.

each student passed the exam.

each of us wears a yellow t-shirt.

(二) 復合不定代詞

do you h**e anything special to tell me today? (不定代詞+adj)

你今天有什麼特別的事告訴我嗎?

listen to me, boys and girls. i h**e something to tell you.

同學們,聽我說,我有一些事情要告訴你們。

— is there anything in the cup? 杯子裡有東西嗎?

— no, there is nothing. 沒有,什麼也沒有。

二、代詞it的用法

1. 指代前面提到過的事物。

this is not my book. it is jim』s.

2. 用來代替指示代詞this 或that

— what』s this?

— it』s a pencil.

3. 用作形式主語,常用於下列句型中:

(1) it is+ adj. + ( for sb.) to do sth.

it is important for us to work hard.

(2) it』s time to do / for / that…

it』s time to get up / for lunch / that we go home.

三、it, one, that作代詞時的區別

1. it特指上下文提到的同一物件,是同一事物。

the book is mine. it』s very interesting. 這本書是我的,它很有趣。

2. one 泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的乙個,同類而不同一。

— who has a pen? 誰有鋼筆?

— i h**e one. 我有一支。

3. that 常用於比較結構中,代替前面提到的名詞,以避免重複。

the weather in beijing is colder than that in guangzhou in winter. 冬天北京的天氣比廣州的天氣冷。

易混代詞

一、both; all; either; any; neither ; none

both…and…兩者都 (謂語:複數)

both my friend and i like english.

either of +名詞單數 (謂語單數)

either of the plans is safe.

neither of+名詞複數(謂語:單數)

neither of them likes football.

none of+名詞(謂語的單複數形式取決於所接名詞是否可數)

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