七種基本句子成分及五種基本句型

2022-12-23 10:00:04 字數 4202 閱讀 7663

學生姓名授課教師教學課題

性別上課時間

年級學科英語課時:

第()次課共()次課

七種基本句子成分及五種基本句型

教學目標

判斷七種基本句子成分及五種基本句型

教學重點與難點

句子成分的分析

【句子成分】

口訣:主、謂、賓,定、狀、補、表

1、主語:可以作主語的成分有名詞,主格代詞,動詞不定式,動名詞等等。主語一般在句首。

謂語:謂語由動詞構成,是英語時態、語態變化的主角,一般在主語之後。不及物動詞(vi.

)沒有賓語,形成主謂結構

2、謂語:動詞或動詞短語3、賓語:位於動詞或介詞後面

4、賓語補足語:位於賓語之後對賓語作出說明的成分。可以用作賓語補足語的有名詞,形容詞,不定式,動名詞,分詞,介詞短語等。

5、定語:修飾名詞或代詞

6、表語:位於系動詞之後

【五種基本句型】

基本句型一:sv(主+謂)eg:1. the sun│rose.

2. who │cares?此句型的句子有乙個共同特點,即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞,後面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。

基本句型二:svp(主+系+表)

此句型的句子有乙個共同的特點:句子謂語動詞都不能表達乙個完整的意思,必須加上乙個表明主語身份或狀態的表語構成復合謂語,才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。

1. this │is │an english-chinese dictionary.

2. the dinner │smells │good.

基本句型三:svo(主+謂+賓)

此句型句子的共同特點是:謂語動詞都具有實義,都是主語產生的動作,但不能表達完整的意思,

第1頁必須跟有乙個賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。1.

who │knows │the answer?2. he │has refused │to help them.

基本句型四:svoo(主+謂+間賓+直賓)

有些及物動詞可以有兩個賓語,eg:give/pass/bring/show。這兩個賓語通常乙個指人(間接賓語);乙個指物(直接賓語)。

│ordered │herself │a new dress.2. he │brought │you │a dictionary.

基本句型五:svoc(主+謂+賓+賓補)

此句型的句子的共同特點是:動詞雖然是及物動詞,但是只跟乙個賓語還不能表達完整的意思,必須加上乙個補充成分來補足賓語,才能使意思完整。

1. they │painted │the door │green.2. this │set │them │thinking.

【語法專練】

判斷下列句子屬於哪種句型

tell us a story.2. she smiled.

3. i h**e a lot work to do.4.

his job is to train swimmers.5. he noticed a man enter the room.

6. please look at the picture.

【綜合練習】

(一)挑出下列句中的賓語

①my brother hasn't done his homework.②people all over the world speak english.

④how many new words did you learn last class?

⑤some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥the old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

(二)挑出下列句中的表語

-- the old man was feeling very tired.-- the le**es h**e turned yellow.

-- soon they all became interested in the subject.

(三)挑出下列句中的定語1. what is your given name?

2. i am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3.

the man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. i am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

(四)挑出下列句中的賓語補足語

①she likes the children to read news*****s and books in the reading-room.②he asked her to take the boy out of school.

第2頁③she found it difficult to do the work.④they call me lily sometimes.⑤i saw mr.

wang get on the bus.

(五)挑出下列句中的狀語

①there was a big smile on her face.

②every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③he began to learn english when he was eleven.④the man on the motorbike was tr**eling too fast.

⑤with the medicine box under her arm, miss li hurried off.⑥she loves the library because she loves books.

⑦i am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧the students followed uncle wang to see the other machine.

(六)劃分句子成分

will tell your friend that you』ve got to school.

as the moon g**e far too much light, i didn』t dare open a window.

time five months ago, i happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.

(七)選擇填空:

( )1. ____ will le**e for there the man( ) 2. the weather ____.

a. wet and coldc. not wet and colda.

sweetsc. usc. we, crowded

b. is wet and coldd. were wet and coldb.

sweetlyd. sweetb. lated.

latterb. diedd. deadedb.

us, wed. we, web. crowdingd.

crowdedly

b. the man here nowd. the man is here now

c. the man who is here now

( ) 3. the apple tasted ____.

( ) 4. he got up ____ yesterday morning.

( )5. the actor ______at the age of 70.

( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.

( )7. he found the street much ______.

( ) think _____necessary to learn english well.

第3頁 is being in which

b. it

d. that isb. is lookedd. was lookedb. whend. where

( ) 9. the dog ____ mad.

( ) will never forget the day ______ i joined the army.第4頁

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