現在分詞、過去分詞作定語、賓語補足語、狀語時的區別
（一） 現在分詞\過去分詞作定語的區別.
the mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me.
=the mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me.
（ the mobile phone 和 lie為主謂關係，即主動關係，故用現在分詞）
the injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.
=the injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。
（the injured 和suffer 為主謂關係，即主動關係，故用現在分詞）
the house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.
=the house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.
（the house 和 build為動賓關係，即被動關係，故用過去分詞）
the mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me.
=the mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me.
（the mobile phone 和 lay 為動賓關係，即被動關係，故用過去分詞）
小試牛刀:
studentspeak) to the teacher now is our moniter.
problemdiscuss) yesterday is of great importance.
machinerepair ) yesterday is broken again.
4..the guestsinvite) to the meeting were all specialists.
is a countrybelong )to the 3rd world.
6 .he lives in the houseface ) the north.
templestand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago.
studentswant ) to join the club will gather at the gate.
carmake ) in japan is of high quality.
checking delegation ( 代表團consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school.
a checking delegation ( 代表團make) up of 5 people are visiting our school.
11. the studentfocus )on his lesson is best in our class.
the studentlose )in his lesson is best in our class.
you see the boydress )in a red shirt?
can you see the boywear ) a red shirt?
studentssit ) in row i see the blackboard clearly
the studentsseat ) in row i see the blackboard clearly.
14. the countrylie ) to the east of shandong peninsula (半島) is south korea.
the countrylocate ) to the east of shandong peninsula (半島) is south korea.
( 輔助資訊:our school is located in the centre of the town)
（二）現在分詞、過去分詞作賓語補足語的區別
find ，make，feel， keep， le**e， h**e ，see， observe， notice， watch， hear 。。。但其中make，h**e ，see ，observe，notice， watch， hear後也可：v +o+do sth。
can you hear somebody singing in the next room? （ 賓語somebody 和 sing 為主謂關係，故用現在分詞）
i often hear this song sung in english. （賓語this song 和 sing 為動賓關係 ，故用過去分詞）
he let out my secret. he made it known to all.（賓語it和know為動賓關係，故用過去分詞）
i h**e had my heart examined.（ 賓語 my heart和examine為動賓關係，故用過去分詞）
when she saw his son sitting in the last row, she felt very disappointed. ( 賓語his son 和 sit 為主謂關係，故用現在分詞）
when she saw her son seated in the last row, she felt very disappointed.
（seat vt.使sb 坐下，her son 是seat邏輯賓語，即為動賓關係，故用過去分詞。輔助資訊：her son was seated in the row ）
i found him focusing on his book, so i didn』t disturb him.
（賓語him和focus為主謂關係，故用現在分詞）
i found him lost in his book, so i didn』t disturb him.
（輔助資訊:he was lost in his book ,故用過去分詞）
試試看:
speak loudly to make yourselfhear)clearly.
le**e\h**e \keep himstand) in the rain.
his carrun ) beyond the speed ,the policeman g**e him a ticket.
always keeps his boxlock)
is absent. he is h**ing his houserepair).
noticed all the eyeslook) at the star when she appeared at the stage.
noticed all the eyesfix ) upon the star when she appeared at the stage.
feel my heartbeat ) fast.
i found myselflaugh )at ,i became angry.
（三）現在分詞、過去分詞作狀語的區別：
在句首的分詞相當於時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句；在句末的分詞常作伴隨狀語、方式狀語、結果狀語、不能改成從句. 如：
seen from space, the earth looks blue.=when it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
seeing the earth from space, we will find it blue.=when we see the earth from space, we』ll find...
devoting himself to education, he was given a medal.=as he devoted himself to education, he…
devoted to education, he was given a medal.=as he was devoted to education, he ……
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