限制性和非限制性定語從句 絕妙

2023-01-15 04:03:04 字數 2175 閱讀 5777

1. 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明確;非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,它與主句之間通常用逗號分開,例如:

1) this is the house which we bought last month.    這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。(限制性)

2) the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮,是我們上個月買的。(非限制性)

2. 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時,其後的定語從句通常是非限制性的,例如:

1) charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾經是我的老師。

2) my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden.

3) this novel, which i h**e read three times, is very touching. 這本**很動人,我已經讀了三遍。

3. 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數,例如:

1) he seems not to h**e grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩。

2) he passed the university entrance examination, which made his parents happy.

說明:關係代詞that不能引導非限制性定語從句

4. 比較:as和which引導的非限定性定語從句

由as和which 引導的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句,相當於and this或and that。as 「象……一樣」,一般放在句首,但也可以放在句中或句尾。which只能放在被修飾詞或主句之後。

1)as we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

2)the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

5. as 的其它搭配用法

1) the same… as;such…as, as…as, so…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 「和……一樣……」。

(1) i h**e got into the same trouble as he (has).

我也陷入了和他同樣的麻煩。

(2) don』t read such books as you can』t understand.

不要讀那些你不理解的書。

(3) 比較: i h**e got the same bag as you bought. ( 一樣的,同一類)

are your bag missing? i h**e found the same bag that you lost. (同乙個)

2) as引導的非限制性定語從句,常帶有'正如'的意思。

(1) smoking is harmful to one's health, as we know,

正如我們都知道的那樣,抽菸對身體有害。

(2) as is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health.

眾所周知,抽菸對身體有害。

(3) the earth , as we all know, moves round the sun.

典型例題

1)alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

a. it  b. that  c. which  d. he

答案c.

2)the weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

a. what b. which c. that d. it

答案b。

3)it rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

a. that b. which  c. as  d. it

答案b.

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