★lesson 14 do you speak english?
【new words and expressions】生詞和短語(7)
amusing adj. 好笑的,有趣的
experience n. 經歷
w**e v. 招手
lift n. 搭便車
reply v. 回答
language n. 語言
journey n. 旅行
★amusing adj. 好笑的, 有趣的
the story is amusing. (好笑的)
amused adj. 感到好笑的(要笑出聲)
i am amused.
amuse v. 使發笑,使愉快
the story amused me.
funny adj. 好笑的(不一定要笑出聲可以指貶義),開心的,令人開心的
interesting / funny story
★experience n. 經歷(可數);經驗(不可數)
① n. 經歷(可數)
he has a lot of experiences. (經歷,可數名詞)
② n. 經驗,體驗(不可數)
they want someone with a lot of experience for this job. (經驗,不可數名詞)
does she h**e any experience in teaching?
③ vt. 經驗,體驗
h**e you ever experienced anything like this?
the village has experienced great changes since 1980.
experienced adj. 有經驗的,經驗豐富的
he is an experienced doctor.
★w**e v. 招手
w**e to sb. 向某人招手
★lift n. 搭便車
take a bus/taxi/lift 乘公共汽車/乘出租汽車/搭便車
b wants to take a lift. 某人想搭便車
i want to take a lift.
a give b a lift. 讓某人搭便車
the student g**e me a lift.
thumb lift 拇指便車(向過路車輛豎起拇指表示要求免費搭車)
★reply v. 回答
reply與answer的區別:
① 作為不及物動詞是一樣的 :
he answered/replied.
② 作為及物動詞就不一樣了 :
answer sth.
answer the letter 回信
reply to sth.
i will reply to the letter. 回信
★language n. 語言
native language 母語
the native language is chinese.
mother tongue 母語(口語中用)
my mother tongue is chinese.
★journey n. 旅行
journey n. 所有的旅行,偏重於陸地旅行
go on a journey
2 hours' journey;3 days' journey(三天路程)
trip n. 短距離旅行或出差(時間或距離上較短)
go on a trip = go on business
tr**el n. 周遊(長途旅行)
tour n. 遊玩(為了玩)
tourist n. 遊客
voyage n. 旅行(海上)
flight n. 空中飛行
【課文講解】
1、after i had left a small village in the south of france, i drove on to the next town.
after 引導的從句如果乙個是過去時,乙個是過去完成時,那一定是從句用過去完成時;before 引導的從句表示「在……之前」,主句發生在從句之前, 主句用過去完成時。
drive on 繼續開往(on加在動詞的後面表示繼續)
my heart will go on 《我心永恆》
drive to 開車去某地
副詞on緊跟在動詞後面時可以表示「向前」、「 繼續下去 」 等意義:
he talked on until everybody had gone. 他滔滔不絕地講到大家都走了。
i was reading when my friend called. after he had gone, i went on to read.
我朋友來看我時我正在看書。他走了以後我便繼續看書。
表達方位的表達方式一共有3個介詞, in(在……裡面),on(接壤),to(沒有相接的, 是相離的)
a is to the east of b a在b的東方(a與b不相接)
a is on the east of b a在b的東方(a與b接壤)
a is in the east of b a在b的東方(a在b的裡面)
2、on the way, a young man w**ed to me.
on the way 在路上, 在途中
w**e to sb. 衝某人揮手
3、as soon as he had got into the car, i said good morning to him in french and he replied in the same language.
as soon as 一……就……,後面一定要加乙個句子(時間狀語從句), 強調兩個動作幾乎是連在一起的,「一」 後面的先發生
as soon as i had entered the room,i took off my coat at once.
as soon as i had received the letter,i ringed/called him back.
只要是狀語從句, 一旦遇到將來時, 變為一般現在時
as soon as you arrive,you must call me. 你一到就打我**
表示用某種語言作為交際手段時介詞用in,表示講某種語言時可以不加介詞。
i speak english. i say a word in chinese.
that book is written in german.
reply 要想加賓語要加 to (+要回答的內容),而in the same language 在句中作狀語, 不是 replay所應回答的問題(賓語), 故用 in
4、apart from a few words, i do not know any french at all.
apart from… 除……以外
not … at all 一點都不,表強調
i don't like it.
i don't like it at all.
5、i had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "do you speak english?'
nearly 將要
when的翻譯要看當時的具體情況, 在這裡譯為「就在此時」
i had nearly reached home when i found my mother standing there.
do you speak english? 你說英語嗎? 你是說英語國家的人嗎?(問的是乙個事實,不是問會說英語嗎)
do you swim? 你去游泳嗎?
can you swim? 你會游泳嗎?
6、as i soon learnt, he was english himself!'
i learn 我得知; i know 我知道(我本來就知道)
as+主語+動詞,從句 (as my mother said/as i heard/ as i learnt) 正如……
as we know,the new concept english is very good. 正如我們所知……
as i think,it is the coldest day in the year.
as he said, english is easy to learn.
himself反身代詞單獨放在句尾, 起強調作用
i read english myself.
【key structures】
過去完成時
過去完成時:由 had+過去分詞構成,它表示過去某時或某動作發生之前已經完成的動作或情況,即「較早的過去」。過去完成時一定要以乙個過去時態作鋪墊, 這個動作一定要發生在had done之後。
在用過去完成時態的句子中,常用連詞 when,after,as soon as,until,by that time等。常與現在完成時連用的副詞如already,just,never,never…before也常與過去完成時連用,以強調事件發生的先後次序:
i didn』t know that she was a famous actress until you had told me.
the boys loved the zoo. they had never seen wild animals before.
在那些用過去完成時的句子中沒有明確的時間狀語,但通過上下文可以看出動作發生的先後。
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