lesson 10 not for jazz 不適於演奏爵士樂
new words and expressions 生詞和短語
☆jazz n. 爵士**
play jazz 演奏爵士樂
eg. they tried to play jazz on the piano. 他們試圖在鋼琴上演奏爵士**。
classical music 古典** folk music 民族**
country music 鄉村** pop (popular) music 流行**
rock and roll 搖滾樂 rap 拉普樂（說唱**）
☆ musical adj.**的
music n.**(不可數) a piece of music 一首**
concert ['knst] [c] **會
musical adj. **的 musician n. **家
a music lesson 一堂**課 a music teacher **教師
a music lover **愛好者 a piece of music 一首**
face the music 面對失敗；面對不願面對而又不得不面對之事
（說法：1.新演員初上舞台非常緊張，但是**響起了，不得不上舞台，必須去面對**，面對自己不敢面對的事情；2.
新兵入伍後參加軍事檢閱，軍樂響起來了，不得不按照節拍去走，哪怕再緊張也沒有用。）
a musical instrument 一件樂器 a misical performance 樂器演奏
a musical score [sk:] 樂譜 musical voice 美妙的聲音
☆instrument n. 樂器 instrument = musical instrument
-----what kind of musical instrument can you play?
-----i can play the guitar. 我會彈結他。
-----i can play the piano. 我會彈鋼琴。
-----i can play the violin. 我會拉小提琴。
-----i can play the saxophone ['sks,fn]. 我會吹薩克斯管。
instrument中的----ment是名詞字尾
movement 移動 government **
judgement 判斷 argument 爭論，證據
☆cl**ichord n. 古鋼琴
☆recently adv. 最近 recently=lately
常用在現在完成時以及過去時中
eg. recently it was damaged by a visitor. 最近它被一位客人弄壞了。
eg. they h**e recently bought a new car. 他們最近剛剛買了一輛新車。
eg. h**e you seen him recently. 最近你見過他嗎?
recent adj. 最近的，最新的 more recent; most recent
eg. in recent years there h**e been great changes. 在最近幾年有很大的變化。
eg. what is the most recent news? 什麼是最新的訊息?
eg. the photograph seemed quite recent. 這張**看起來很新是最近照的。
☆ damage v. 損壞
damage n. [u] [c]
1) 損失 [u]
a lot of damage 大量損失
damage to sth 對……的損失
damage to the car 對車輛造成的損失
damage to crops 對莊稼造成的損失
damage to one's reputation 對某人名聲造成的損失
2) damages 賠償 [c]
damage v. 損壞
1) 部分損壞
break 打斷 cut 剪，砍，割 crush [kr] 壓壞，搗壞 tear 撕 stain [stein] 弄髒都包含在damage 範圍之內
2) 損害
eg. smoking can damage your health. 吸菸有害於你的健康。
to damage relations between two countries 損害兩國之間的關係
to damage one's career[k'ri] 損壞某人的職業
damage one's good name 損害某人的好名聲
《複習》 damage; destroy; hurt; break; spoil 都是動詞，有「破壞，傷害」的意思。 區別：
damage……損壞程度不大，可以修復 （部分損壞）
destroy……嚴重破壞，無法修復
hurt…… （指人）受傷害（包括肉體和感情的傷害）
no one was seriously hurt in the traffic accident.
在這次交通事故中沒有人受重傷。
he carelessly hurt her feelings. 他不經意中傷了她的感情。
break——打破，打斷，打碎,摔壞
the boy broke his leg yesterday.
spoil -----把東西的質量變得不好；生活中不順心的事; 寵壞，溺愛
his parents spoiled the boy.
☆key n. 琴鍵
1.琴鍵
2.鑰匙：key to the door
3.答案: do you know the key to the question?
4.關鍵: key structure
5.【音】調： the song is written in the key of d.
☆string n. 1.（樂器的）弦
there are four strings on a violin. 小提琴有四根弦。
2. 線;細繩;帶子[u][c] （比 cord 細，比thread粗）
a piece of string 一條繩子
a ball of string 一捲繩子
i need a piece of string to tie this parcel up. 我需要一根細繩把這包裹紮起來。
☆shock v. 使不悅或生氣，震驚
shocking adj.令人震驚的 shocked adj.感到震驚的
[複習]跟人的情緒有關的動詞的賓語往往是"人"：it shocked me.
凡是能夠用"人"做賓語,又是表示人的情緒活動的動詞,有兩個形容詞形式:1.令人……；2.感到……
如：boring/bored; surprising/surprised; exciting/excited; interesting/interested等等
it is shocking. i'm shocked.
shock n. sb get a shock:某人很吃驚
shock/surprise的區別：
共同點：都是吃驚，沒想到
不同點：任何一件事沒想到都是surprise,好事壞事都可。而shock一定是讓人不高興的。
be surprised 對……感到驚訝（中性）
be shocked 震驚（貶）
be astonished 目瞪口呆，傻了
be surprised at/by sth 對…..感到吃驚
be shocked at/by sth 對……感到震怒/震驚
be astonished at/by sth 對…..感到目瞪口呆
☆allow v. 允許，讓（常常用於被動語態）
1) allow doing…..允許做
eg. we don't allow smoking. 我們不允許吸菸。smoking is allowed here.
2) allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事
eg. my mean boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone.
我那個吝嗇的老闆不允許我使用**。
you are allowed to smoke here.
now we are not allowed to touch it.
3) 授與人…eg. he allows his son too much money.
allowance ['launs] n. 津貼；補助；零用錢(am.)
eg. make an allowance of 5% for cash payment 付現金打9.5折
make allowances for 考慮到
☆touch v. 觸控
1. 觸控: she lightly touched his forehead. 她輕輕地摸了摸他的前額。
2. 感動: i was touched beyond words. 我感動得無法言表。
touched/moved/excited 感動的（主語多是人）
touching/moving/exciting 令人感動的（主語多是物）
３. vi.摸起來 （可以跟形容詞）半系動詞
類似的詞有：sound 聽起來 taste 嘗起來 look 看起來
the desk touches smooth. 這桌子摸起來很光滑。
the fish smells good. 這魚聞起來很好。
the story sounds interesting. 這故事聽起來令人感興趣。
★text
we h**e an old musical instrument. it is called a cl**ichord. it was made in germany in 1681.
our cl**ichord is kept in the living room. it has belonged to our family for a long time. the instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
recently it was damaged by a visitor. she tried to play jazz on it! she struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.
my father was shocked. now we are not allowed to touch it. it is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
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