英語複習提要
一、詞( 一 ) 名詞
1、 名詞的複數
(1)、一般的直接加s,如 desk(desks) 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)
(2)、以 x 、s、ch、sh結尾的加 es如 box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等
(3)、以子音字母加y結尾的要變y為i加es, 如 family ,comedy,documentary等
(4)、以0結尾的名詞,有生命的加es如:tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes ); 沒有生命的加s,如
photo(photos)、piano(pianos)、zero(zeros)
2、 名詞所有格在名詞的後邊加』s ,表示後面的名詞屬於前面的名詞所有 , 如 lilei』s bag tom』s desk 、her mother』s brother
3、 專用名詞的大寫
如 english、brown 、rush 、sunday 、january 、december、 beijing opera
( 二 ) 動詞
1、 動詞的種類(四類)
系動詞如 be(is am are); 情態動詞如 can 、may、need;助動詞( do does);行為動詞如 take 、bring、eat、h**e(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think 等
2、 動詞的第三人稱單數(與名詞的複數一樣 )
如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) h**e(has) are (is)
3、 動詞的時態(一般現在時 )
( 1)含有系動詞的
i』m a chinese boy .
she is twelve .
he is tim』s brother .
her mother is an english teacher .
含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將「主語和系動詞交換位置」,上面句子變成一般疑問句時分別為
are you a chinese boy ?( 注意第一人稱通常變為第二人稱 )
is she twelve ?
is he tim』s brother ?
is her mother an english teacher ?
含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須「在系動詞的後邊加上not」,前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為
i』m not a chinese boy.
she isn』t twelve .
he is not tim』s btother .
her mother isn』t an english teacher .
(2)含有情態動詞的句子 ( can ),
she can play basketball.
his mother』s cousin can sing many english songs.
含有情態動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將「主語和情態動詞交換位置」,上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為
can she play basketball ?
can his mother』s cousin sing many english songs ?
含有情態動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態動詞的後邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為
she can not play basketball .
his mother』s cousin can not sing many english songs .
(3)含有行為動詞的句子
we h**e many friends.
they watch tv at 7 in the evening .
the students take their books to school .
i h**e lunch at school .
you h**e a sister .
含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為
do you h**e many friends ?
do they watch tv at 7 in the evening ?
do the students take their books to school ?
do you h**e lunch at school ?
do you h**e a sister ?
含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don』t .上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為
we don』t h**e many friends.
they don』t watch tv at 7 in the evening .
the students don』t take their books to school .
i don』t h**e lunch at school .
you don』t h**e a sister .
含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,行為動詞要加s (或es)如:
she has a red pen .
he has eggs for breakfast .
her mother buys a skirt for her .
she likes thrillers .
my brother watches tv every evening .
he wants to go to a movie .
含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,變一般疑問句要「在原句子的前面加上does , 同時行為動詞要還原」。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為:
does she h**e a red pen ?
does he h**e eggs for breakfast ?
does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
does she like thrillers ?
does your brother watch tv every evening ?
does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行為動詞的句子,當主語是第三人稱單數時,變否定句時「在行為動詞前面加does』nt , 同時原行為動詞要還原」。上面的句子變否定句分別為:
she doesn』t h**e a red pen .
he doesn』t h**e eggs for breakfast .
her mother doesn』t buy a skirt for her .
she doesn』t like thrillers .
my brother doesn』t watch tv every evening .
he doesn』t want to go to a movie .
(三)形容詞
本冊所學的形容詞不多,注意拼法和反義詞
big (small) long (short) sad (happy) boring (interesting\funny ) exciting difficult
relaxing great healthy old (new) successful white (black)
(四)代詞
1、人稱代詞和物主代詞
2、指示代詞: this (these) that (those)
3、不定代詞 some someone
4、疑問代詞 who what how much how old (疑問副詞:when where )
5、反身代詞 yourself
(五)數量詞
1、基數詞 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen
2、序數詞 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
(六)介詞:本冊的介詞較少,主要用在介詞短語裡面,如
on:on sale (銷售) \ on weekends (在週末) \ on april 8th, (在四月八日) \ on the desk (在桌子上) \ on tv (在電視上) \
in:in english (用英語) \ in the afternoon (在下午) \ in the case (在盒子裡) \
t-shirt in red (紅色t恤) \ be in the movie(出演這部電影)\ in september (在九月)
be in our school music festival (參加我們學校的**節)
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