倒裝在英語中，主語和謂語的語序通常是主語在前，謂語在後。但有時由於語法或修辭的需要將謂語的部分或全部提到主語前面，這樣的語序叫做「倒裝「
倒裝的種類：部分倒裝---- 助動詞\情態動詞+主語+謂語的實義動詞
全部倒裝---- 謂語+主語
一. 在特殊句型中：
1.在疑問句中:
eg: is this your cell phone number? what do you prefer?
2.在感嘆句中：
eg: how happy they arewhat fun it is!
3.在虛擬條件句中：
eg: if i were a bird, i could fly freely.=……
had i known it earlier, i wouldn』t h**e lent him the money.
long live peacemay our friendship be everlasting!
4.直接引語的一部分或全部放在句首時；
eg: 「you should h**e been here earlier,」 said the teacher.
「you,」 said his father, 「do the housework.」
二. 在以下結構中用全部倒裝：
1.在there be句型中；
eg: there are thousands of people gathering on the square.
there lived an old fisherman in the village.
2.在「here, there, now, thus, then+動詞+主語」的句子中,(動詞為be, go, come等);
eg: now comes my turn. there goes the bell. then came the order to le**e.
3.在「out\ in, up\ down, off\away」以及表示地點的介詞片語位於句首時；
eg: away went the crowed one by one. in came a stranger in black.
down fell the le**es. on the floor were piles of old books.
注意：若主語是人稱代詞，則用正常語序---- adv.+主語+謂語；
eg: out she wenthere we are.
4.有時為了強調表語，構成「表語+連繫動詞+主語」結構；
eg: lucky is she who was chosen to be a leader.
gone are the days when women were looked down upon!
在以下結構中用部分倒裝：
1.含有否定意義的adv或conj（not, seldom, little, hardly, never, rarely, nowhere, not until, not only, by no means等）位於句首時；
eg: he cannot speak an english word.----not an english word can he speak.
i h**e never seen him before.----never ……
the mother didn』t le**e the room until the baby fell asleep.----not until the baby fell asleep did the mother le**e the room.
注意：not until引導的句子，主句倒裝，從句不用倒裝。
位於句首，且修飾狀語時，主句倒裝；
eg: only in this way can you use the computer well.
只有意識到這門課的重要，我們才能學好它。
only she can settle this problem.(t\f?)
用在句首，表示另一主語「也」時，用「so + be(h**e,助動詞或情態動詞)+主語」結構(有時也用as替代)；若表示另一主語「也不」時，用「nor\neither + be(h**e,助動詞或情態動詞)+主語」結構；
eg: she has been to heifei. so h**e we.
it is cold today. so it is.(t\f?)
she won』t accept that invitation. neither\nor will he.
注意：（1）「so + 主語 + be(h**e,助動詞或情態動詞)」表示對前面所說的話加以肯定，譯為「的確如此」；
（2）若前面所說的既有肯定又有否定，或前後的謂語動詞形式不一致，用「it is the same with + 主語」或「so it is with + 主語」；
eg: he worked hard, but didn』t pass the exam. so it was with his sister.
she is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. so it is with him.
4.在」as (儘管)」引導的讓步狀語從句中；(可以換成though)
eg: shortest though she is, she is the richest.(最高端前不用冠詞)
child as he is, he knows a lot.(單數名詞前不用a)
fail as i did, i would try again.(動詞提前，助動詞留在原位)
hard as he tried, he couldn』t pass the exam.(副詞提前)
5.在」so…that…」和」such…that…」句型中的so和such位於句首時，用」so\such + adj + 主語+謂語」；
eg: so difficult was the exam that more than a half of the students failed.
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