英語句子成分知識點總結

2022-12-11 12:00:03 字數 3102 閱讀 8712

組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分。句子成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補足語、獨立成分。

1、主語

主語是乙個句子的主題。

主語的位置

①陳述句中,一般在一句之首。

they managed to rescue all the people in the flood.

②疑問句、倒裝句中,一般在助動詞、情態動詞和動詞之後。

up went the arrow into the air.

why do they move and burn more of the forest?

not only will help be given to people who are disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.

③祈使句中,往往省略。

take this money and buy yourself some more books.(句首省略了you)

④there be結構中,在be之後。

around the area of aswanthere are a lot of important old temples , which date from about 1250 bc.

2、謂語

謂語在句子中說明主語的動作,主語具有的特徵或所處的狀態。

(1)由簡單動詞構成的謂語

they started to use english, but they also brought in some words from their own languages.

(2)由動詞短語構成的謂語

dr. manette realized that the sister must h**e been very badly treated.

3、表語

表語說明主語的身份、特徵、類別、狀態等情況,它位於連系動詞之後,與之構成所謂的係表結構。

表語的位置

①通常位於連系動詞之後,但下列情況下,置於連系動詞之前。為了強調表語。

in the north isscotland, with its capitaledinburgh. 北面是蘇格蘭,首都是愛丁堡。

②由how/what引出的感嘆句中

what a curious hotel it was!

③某些讓步狀語從句中

child as the boy was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

④「the+比較級…,the+比較級…結構中」。

the more you listen to english, the easier it becomes. 英語你聽得越多,就越容易聽懂。

4、賓語

賓語分為動詞賓語和介詞賓語。

賓語表示法

①名詞用作賓語。

bob asked all the airlines to fly the pop stars for free.

②代詞用作賓語。

it picked it up in its mouth and carried it into the bushes.

③數詞用作賓語。

canadacovers six of the world''s 24 time areas.

④名詞化的形容詞用作賓語。

she''s always helping the poorer than herself.

⑤副詞用作賓語。

since then the number of milu deer there has greatly increased.

⑥不定式用作賓語

i just didn''t wish to put you to the trouble of changing a large note.

⑦動名詞作賓語或名詞化分詞(主要是過去分詞)作賓語

when she had finished listening to the news, turned off the radio.

⑧句子用作賓語

i suggest that you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly.

直接賓語和間接賓語

可具有這種雙賓語的及物動詞有:bring, fetch, give, hand, le**e, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, refuse, show, sing, teach, tell, write, buy, find, get, make, envy, return, sell等。

i don''t envy you your job.

5、補足語

補足語是一種補足主語和賓語的意義的句子成分。用作補足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語)、分詞(短語)、介詞短語等。

he persuaded other people to provide money or to give help.

i think you''ll find these materials much better and much more suitable.

the lion could still be seen in the bushes eating the meat.

this song is thought to be most popular.

6、定語

定語用來修飾名詞或代詞,說明人或物的狀態、品質、數量等。

定語表示法

it was the earliest research centre for agriculture.(形容詞用作定語)

they had brought a picnic lunch with him.(名詞用作定語)

i''m looking for another speaker who could give a talk.(代詞用作定語)

in 1911,she received a second nobel prize for her research, becoming the first person in the world to receive two nobel prizes.(數詞用作定語)

英語句子成分

英語句子成分只是英語語法中的一小部分,而且平時的考試也不會考,試卷上不會考你什麼是賓語,什麼是狀語,這個單詞是作什麼成分,但是它是學英語的基礎或者說是你學習其他語法的工具 比如學定語從句 非謂語動詞等等 學會它最直接的作用是對閱讀和寫英語句子有幫助,有很多人單詞都知道,但是,讀句子的時候,就是不知道...

英語句子成分

英語句子成分只是英語語法中的一小部分,而且平時的考試也不會考,試卷上不會考你什麼是賓語,什麼是狀語,這個單詞是作什麼成分,但是它是學英語的基礎或者說是你學習其他語法的工具 比如學定語從句 非謂語動詞等等 學會它最直接的作用是對閱讀和寫英語句子有幫助,有很多人單詞都知道,但是,讀句子的時候,就是不知道...

英語句子成分

主語是乙個句子中所要表達,描述的人或物,是句子敘述的主體。可由名詞 代詞 數詞 名詞化的形容詞 不定式 動名詞和主語從句等來承擔。謂語是用來說明主語做了什麼動作或處在什麼狀態。謂語可以由動詞來擔任,一般放在主語的後面。賓語是動作的物件或承受者,常位於及物動詞或介詞後面。賓語可由名詞 代詞 數詞 名詞...