反義疑問句細解加配套習題

2023-01-20 21:57:04 字數 4662 閱讀 6107

反意疑問句

反義疑問句的形式:反意疑問句是附加在陳述句之後, 對所陳述內容提出質疑或通過反問以強化陳述內容的一種疑問句。

總體原則: 如果陳述部分是肯定的, 附加部分用否定形式, 如果陳述部分是否定的, 附加部分用肯定形式。附加部分的助動詞和代詞應與陳述部分一致。

they are students, aren't they? they aren't students, are they?

特殊情況小結:

1. 在由「祈使句+ 疑問部分」 構成的反意疑問句中,疑問部分通常用will you

pass me the dictionary, will you? 把詞典遞給我好嗎?

don』t do that again, will you? 別再做那件事好嗎?

說明:在含有let的祈使句後的反意疑問部分,如果let的賓語us包括聽者(常寫成let』s)時用shall we;不包括聽者(常寫成let us)時用will you。let的賓語是me時, 要根據意思用will you或may i。

let的賓語是第三人稱時用will you。例如:

let』s go for a walk , shall we? 我們去散步好嗎?

let us do it by ourselves, will you? 讓我們自己做這件事好嗎?

let me h**e a look at your photo, will you? (你)讓我看看你的**好嗎?

let him speak first, will you? (你)讓他先說好嗎?

2. 當陳述部分含有must 時, 要注意must 的含義。表示"一定要, 必須"時, 反意疑問句附加部分用mustn't 或needn't

he must work hard at physics, mustn't he? you must renew the book, needn't you?

表示推測"一定是, 必定是"時, 反意疑問句附加部分有下列情況:

a). 當陳述部分有must be ...時, 反意疑問句附加部分用be 的現在時態。

he must be very tired, isn't he? he must be working hard at the office, isn't he?

b). must h**e + 過去分詞表示對過去的推測

a). 單純表示對過去的推測, 與現在無關, 反意疑問句附加部分用過去式。

b). 表示對過去的推測且影響到現在或持續現在, 反意疑問句附加部分用現在完成式。

he must h**e come yesterday, didn't he?

you must h**e studied english for years, h**en't you?

he must h**e lived here at least ten years, hasn't he?

3.當陳述部分的主語為nothing, anything, everything等不定代詞時,反意疑問部分的主語用it。

nothing could prevent him from going there, could it? 什麼也阻止不了他去那裡,對嗎?

如果陳述部分的主語為nobody, somebody, none, someone, no one, anyone, anybody, everyone等不定代詞時,反意疑問部分的主語用they或he。

somebody took my umbrella away yesterday, didn』t they / he?

昨天有人那走了我的雨傘,是嗎?

4. 當陳述部分帶有that從句作賓語時,反意疑問部分應與主句的主語和謂語一致。陳述部分是i think, i suppose, i believe時,反意疑問部分應與that從句的主語和謂語一致。

但要注意否定轉移。

he said his father had been sent to hospital, didn』t he? 他說他父親已送去醫院了,是嗎?

i think he』ll come to help us with our work, won』t he? 我想他會來幫助我們工作,是嗎?

i believe you h**e met each other before, h**en』t you?我相信你們以前彼此見過面,對嗎?

i suppose they are waiting for us now, aren』t they? 我猜想他們正在等我們,是嗎?

i don』t think he is fit for the job, is he?

5. 在英語口語中,由neither…nor…, neither of來連線主語時,反意疑問部分的主語用they。

neither of them knew his address, did you? 他們沒人知道他的位址,對嗎?

6. 如果陳述部分是i am…,反意疑問部分用aren』t i。

i』m late, aren』t i? 我遲到了,是不是?

7. 當陳述部分為感嘆句時,反意疑問部分用否定形式,主語仍與感嘆句的主語一致。

what a fine day today, isn』t it? 今天天氣多麼好,是嗎?

8. 當陳述部分含有wish時,反意疑問部分的助動詞用may。

i wish to use your dictionary, may i? 我想用你的詞典,行嗎?

9. 當陳述部分含有you』d better, you』d like to時,反意疑問部分分別用hadn』t you, wouldn』t you。

you』d better take his advice, hadn』t you? 你最好還是聽他的建議,好嗎?

you』d like to go to the party, wouldn』t you? 你想去聚會,是嗎?

10. 當陳述部分含有h**e to時,反意疑問部分的助動詞應根據h**e的變化,分別用don』t, doesn』t, didn』t。

i h**e to take this medicine, don』t i? 我必須吃這藥,是嗎?

11. 當陳述部分是there be句型時,反意疑問部分用be there。

there is something wrong with the machine, isn』t there? 機器出了毛病,是嗎?

there is no time left, is there? 沒有時間了,是不是?

12. 當陳述部分含有seldom, hardly, scarcely, no, never, rarely, few, little, nobody, nowhere等否定動詞時,反意疑問部分的動詞用肯定式。

he hardly speaks english, does he? 他幾乎不會說英語,是吧?

she seldom lends her money to others, dose she? 她很少把錢借給別人,是嗎?

13. 當陳述部分的主語是從句、不定式、動名詞或片語時,反意疑問部分的主語通常用it。

what he said at the meeting is very important, isn』t it? 他在會上所說的很重要,對嗎?

to master a foreign language isn』t easy, is it? 掌握一門外語不容易,是嗎?

swimming in rivers is a good sport, isn』t it? 在江河裡游泳是一項很好的運動,是嗎?

14. 如果陳述句部分含有un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis- 等否定字首構成的派生詞時,該陳述句部分仍作肯定處理,疑問部分用否定形式。

he dislikes chicken, doesn』t he?他不喜歡吃雞肉,是嗎?

15. 感嘆句的反意疑問句附加部分用to be 的一般現在時的否定式。

what fine weather, isn't it? how hard she works, isn't she?

16. 陳述部分含有need, dare 的反意疑問句

a). 當need , dare 為普通動詞時, 反意疑問句附加部分用助動詞do 的某種形式。

he needs help, doesn't he?

b).當need , dare 為情態動詞時, 反意疑問句附加部分用其本身。

we need do it again, needn't we? he dare not say so, dare he?

17. 當陳述部分有used to...時, 反意疑問句附加部分用didn't / usedn't / used +主語+ not?

she used to visit her uncle on holidays, didn't she?

she used to visit her uncle on holidays, usedn't she?

he used to play football when he was young, used he not?

18. 當陳述部分有ought to 時, 反意疑問句附加部分用ought 或should

we ought to start at once, oughtn't we?

we ought to start at once, shouldn't we?

such things ought not to be allowed, ought they?

such things ought not to be allowed, should they?

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