英語短語解釋

2022-11-23 09:00:04 字數 4983 閱讀 1250

get on : (to enter, board)

【說明:】to get on(搭乘,上車) 動詞get的用法很多,常常在後面接用各種不同的介系詞或副詞而形成意義不同的習語。這裡的on是介系詞,後面的bus和subway用作它的受詞。

如果on作副詞用,則有進步,相處甚好,與年事已長的意思。

【例:】

(1) i always get on the bus at 34th street.

我總是在34街搭乘公共汽車。

(2) william gets on the subway at the same station every morning.

威廉每天早晨在同一車站搭乘地下火車。

get off : (to le**e, descend from)

【說明:】to get off (下車)與上面的get on相反。get off也有好些其它的意義,如寄出,離開等。

下車也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不過下電車或公共汽車多用get off .

【例:】

(1) helen got off the bus at 42nd street.

海倫在42街下公共汽車。

(2) at what station do you usually get off the subway?

你通常在那一站下地下火車?

put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes)

【說明:】

to put on (穿,戴)特別指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼鏡也用這個成語。英文中還有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是繼續的動作,表示穿著的狀態,而put on是一時的動作。

下面兩個句子都是錯的:

i shall wear my overcoat before i go out (應用put on). in such cold weather i put on my overcoat all day (應用wear).dress的意思是

①put clothes on後面的受詞一定是人,如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white,

②put on clothes, vk get up and dress quickly. (快點起來穿好衣服。)

【例:】

(1) mary put on her hat and left the room.

瑪麗戴上她的帽子就離開這屋子。

(2) why is john putting on his hat and coat?

約翰為什麼穿衣戴帽呢?

take off : (to remove-said also of clothes)

【說明:】to take off (脫去)與put on 的意義相反,指脫去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但較不通用。

【例:】

(1) john took off his hat as he entered the room.

約翰在這屋時脫下他的帽子。

(2) is helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room?

海倫是不是因為室內太暖和而脫去她的外衣呢?

call up: (to telephone)

【說明:】to call up (打**給……)後面一定要有受詞,也就是接**的人。如果受詞是代名詞的話,常插在call與up 之間。

【例:】

(1) i forgot to call up mr. jones yesterday although i promised to call him up exactly at three o』clock.

我昨天忘記打**給鍾斯先生,雖然我答應了在三點鐘的時候打**給他的。

(2) did anyone call me up while i was out?

我出去的時候有人打**來找我嗎?

turn on : (to start, begin)

【說明:】to turn on (扭開,開啟)指扭開電燈,電爐,電扇,煤氣等的按鈕或開關,以及自來水的水龍頭等而言。開電燈也可以用put on the light.

【例:】

(1) please turn on the light. this room is dark.

請你扭開電燈,這房間太黑暗了。

(2) someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out.

我們外出時,有人把房內的電爐扭開了。

turn off : (to stop, terminate extinguish)

【說明:】

to turn off (關閉,停止)指扭熄電燈,關閉無線電、自來水等。關燈也可以用put out the light.

【例:】

(1) please turn off the light. we do not need it now.

請把電燈關了,我們現在不需要它。

(2) shall i turn off the radio or are you still listening to it?

我可以把收音機關掉嗎,你是不是還要收聽呢?

away : (immediately, at once, very soon)

【說明:】right away (立刻,馬上)為美國口頭語,沒有immediately與at once正式,系一副詞片語,與right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。

【例:】

(1) she says that dinner will be ready right away.

她說晚餐馬上就準備好了。

(2) can william come to my office right away?

威廉能夠立刻就到我的辦公室來嗎?

pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)

【說明:】to pick up (拾起,揀起)尤指用手指把東西拿起業而言。to pick up還有很多其它的用法。如

①讓人搭便車:

the motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway .

(這個乘汽車的人在公路上讓兩個軍人搭乘便車。)

②聽會,

自然學會,(言語,遊戲等):

he never studied french; what he knows he picked up while living in france.

(他從來沒有學過法文;他所知道的是他住在法國的時候聽會的。)

③捉住,逮捕,萍水相逢便行訂交,選出:

i picked up london last night.

(昨晚我在無線電聽到了倫敦的播音。)

【例:】

(1) john picked up the news***** which was on his desk.

約翰把書桌上的報紙拿了起來。

(2) why didn』t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor?

你為什麼不把地板上的那枝鉛筆拾起來呢?

once: (immediately, very soon, right away)

【說明:】at once (立刻,馬上)為一級通用的副詞片語,也可以作為同時(simultaneously) 解,如:

this book is at once interesting and structive.

(此書既有趣又有益。)

【例:】

(1) he asked me to come to his office at once.

他請我立刻就到他的辦公室去。

(2) i want you to send this telegram at once.

我希望你馬上把這電報發出去。

wait for : (to expect, await)

【說明:】to wait for (等候,期待)可以說等於await, wait通常都作不及物動詞用,如果後面有受詞,切不可少用介系詞for await為及物動詞,後面不可用介系詞,但是沒有wait普遍。wait也可用作及物動詞,如:

①wait one』s chance或opportunity(等機會);②don』t wait dinner for me.(晚飯不要等我)

【例:】

(1) we will wait for you on the corner of broadway and 86th street.

我們將在百老匯及86街轉角處等你

(2) we waited for him for more than an hour and finally left.

我們等了他乙個多小時,然後才離開。

last : (finally)

【說明:】at last(最後,終於)為一副詞片語,與at first意義相反。也可以用at long last, 可是語氣較強,而且有點英國味道。

【例:】

(1) we waited and waited and at last john arrived.

我們等了又等,後來約翰終於來了。

(2) has he finished that work at last?

他最後把那工作做完了嗎?

usual : (as always, customarily)

【說明:】as usual(照常,照例,仍然)作副詞用,其意為as is (was ) usual 和往常一般。usual 是形容詞,不可用usually.

【例:】

(1) henry is late for class again as usual.

亨利像平常一樣上課又遲到了。

(2) as usual helen won first prize in the swimming contest.

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