it is animals and plants which lived ，likely to be preserved,
for one of the necessary conditions of因為儲存的必要條件之一就是迅速掩埋，preservation is quick burial,
anditisonlyintheseasandrivers,and所以只有在泥沙不停淤積的海洋和江河裡，sometimes lakes,where mud and silt h**e有時在湖泊裡，been continuously deposited,
that bodies and the like can be rapidly屍體之類的東西才能被迅速地覆蓋而儲存下covered over and preserved.來。buteveninthemostf**ourable即使是在最有利的環境中，死去的生物中也circumstances only a small fraction of只有一小部分能在開始腐爛前，the creatures that die are preserved inthis way before decay sets in or,
evenmorelikely,beforesc**engerseat或更可能在被食腐動物吃掉之前，被這樣保them.存下來。after all,all living creatures live by因為一切生物都是靠吃別的東西來活命的，feeding on something else,
whetheritbeplantoranimal,deador不管這種東西是植物還是動物，死的還是活alive,and it is only by chance that such的，因此，生物偶爾才能避免被吃掉的命運。a fate is **oided.
the remains of plants and animals ，preserved,
。over.
when you think of the innumerable birds你可以想象出天上有看得見的飛來飛去，that one sees flying about,
nottomentiontheequallynumeroussmall數不清的鳥，地上有不顯眼的無數的老鼠和animals like field mice and voles which田鼠之類的小動物，但是，除非在路上，很youdonotsee,itisveryrarelythatone少有人遇到這些動物的屍體。comesacrossadeadbody,except,ofcourse,on the roads.
they decompose and are quickly destroyed因為它們腐敗之後很快就被風化掉，或被別bytheweatheroreatenbysomeother的動物吃掉了。creature.
itisalmostalwaysduetosomevery幾乎總是由於某些特殊的條件，陸地動物的specialcircumstancesthattracesofland遺體才被儲存下來，animals survive,
as by falling into inaccessible c**es,or如掉進難以到達的洞穴，或掉進冰河裂縫裡，into an ice crevasse,like the siberian或者象西伯利亞長毛象那樣掉進冰窖中，mammoths,
,as in a refrigerator.來。
，而且儲存得很好。preserved and in good condition.
inhismouthweretheremainsoffir它嘴裡還留著冷杉－它掉進冰河裂隙折斷脊trees--the last meal that he had before柱之前的最後一頓飯。he fell into the crevasse and broke hisback.
the mammoth has now been restored in the這頭長毛象已被修復，現存於聖彼得堡古生palaeontological museum in leningrad.物學博物館。other animals were trapped in tar pits,有的動物掉進天然瀝青坑里被儲存了下來，liketheelephants,sabre-toothed如在rancholabrea－－現在是losangelescats,andnumerousothercreaturesthat的郊區發現的大象，劍齒虎和許多其他動物。
are found at rancho la brea,which is nowjust a suburb of los angeles.
apparently what happened was that water顯然，事情的經過是這樣：瀝青坑里積存了collected on these tar pits,水， out on to the apparently firm去飲水，立即掉進了瀝青坑。su***cetodrink,andwerepromptlyboggedin the tar.
andthen,whentheyweredead,the大象死後，一些食肉動物，如劍齒虎和大灰carnivores,likethesabre-toothedcats狼就來吃大象，and the giant wolves,
cameouttofeedandsufferedexactlythe結果遭到了同樣的命運。same fate.
there are also endless numbers of birds瀝青坑里還有無數隻鳥的屍體。in the tar as well.
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