**:智閱網
詞根詞綴法是考研英語背單詞的好方法,科學合理,一旦掌握了,猜詞能力也會大大提公升。建議大家記憶詞根詞綴可以按分類來看,下面是10類表示反義否定的字首,大家先看看記下來。
1、a-/an- (not,without否定)
apo1itical a. 不關心政治的
henry used to be totally apolitical, but i think he is now politically more aware
基辛格過去完全不問政治, 但是,我認為現在他政治上比較敏銳了.
anonymous a. 匿名的,無名的,不知名的
she's got too much dignity to descend to writing anonymous letters.
她是個自尊心很強的人,絕不會自貶身份去寫匿名信。
2、a-/ab-/abs- (在"t""v"之前)( **oid避免)
abstain v.棄權,戒
they say it would be political suicide for the party to abstain.
他們說這個政黨棄權無異於自毀政治前程。
abstract v. n. 摘要
his painting went through both representational and abstract periods.
他的繪畫經歷了具象風格和抽象風格兩個階段。
3、ant- (against /opposite"反抗""反""抗")
anti-government***的
mr cramer said the violence by anti-government protestors was reprehensible.
克拉默先生說***示威者的暴力活動應該受到譴責。
antisocial***的
toddlers are notoriously antisocial when it comes to sharing toys.
眾所周知,剛學會走路的孩子不願和別人分享玩具。
4、counter-/contra- (against,opposite反,對應)
contrast對比,對照;
the boy's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.
這個男孩的房間和客房截然不同。
counteract抵抗;
my husband has to take several pills to counteract high blood pressure.
我丈夫不得不吃幾片藥來降壓。
5、de- away,down,negative離開,分,否定,使低下
decompose v. 分解, 腐爛
most animals decompose very quickly after death.
大多數動物死後很快腐爛.
degenerate v. 墮落
will too much freedom make them degenerate?
太多的自由會令他們墮落嗎 ?
6、dis-(加在名、形、動詞前)表示"不,不再"
disadvantage n. 不利,不利條件;
depression is the third thing that works to my patients' disadvantage.
抑鬱是威脅我的病人健康的第三大殺手。
disappear. v. 消失
he saw something dark disappear behind the curtain of le**es.
他看到乙個黑漆漆的東西從濃密的樹葉後消失了。
disconnect. v. 分離
you should disconnect the wireless set before you make adjustments inside it.
你應先拔掉無線電插頭,再做內部調整。
7、di-,dif-, dis-: away,negative否定,分開,不
distrust. v. 不信任, 懷疑
what he saw there left him with a profound distrust of all political authority.
他在那兒的所見讓他對一切政治當局產生了一種深深的不信任感。
disassemble v. 拆開
we had to completely disassemble the engine to find the problem.
我們只好把發動機全部拆開以尋找故障原因。
differentiate v. 區分
a child may not differentiate between his imagination and the real world.
兒童可能無法將自己的幻想與真實世界區分開來。
8、il-:(加在以"l"開頭的詞前)表示"不"
illiterate n. 文盲;
many senior managers are technologically illiterate.
許多高階經理都對技術知之甚少。
illegitimate a. 非法的
the election was dismissed as illegitimate by the opposition.
反對黨以不合法為由拒絕接受選舉結果。
9、im-,in-(加在字母m,b,p之前)not,in,into否定,加強或引申意義
impracticable行不通的
such measures would be highly impracticable and almost impossible to apply.
這樣的措施非常不切實際,幾乎不可能付諸實施。
invisible不可見的;
parents fear they might overstep these invisible boundaries...
父母擔心他們可能會逾越這些無形的界限。
irrational不合理的;
his beh**ior was becoming increasingly irrational.
他的行為變得越來越不理智了。
10、mal- bad,badly:惡,不良
maltreat虐待;
he said that he was not tortured or maltreated during his detention...
他說自己在押期間並未遭受拷問和虐待。
malnutrition營養不良
infections are more likely in those suffering from malnutrition.
營養不良的人更有可能被傳染。
我們通過總結這些表達否定的字首,在理解單詞的意思,以及拼寫方面對我們的幫助很大,並且可以幫助我們更加快速的去記憶這些內容,這不失為乙個好的方法,希望考生在平時的學習中多運用方法和技巧。劉一男編寫的 2018《考研詞彙速記指南 》這本書對我們記憶單詞,更深入的了解詞義幫助很大,要好好利用哦,加油。
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